Chapter 33 34 Presidents Ford to Clinton APUSH

Chapter 33 & 34 Presidents: Ford to Clinton APUSH Mrs. Price “History never looks like history when you are living through it. ” - John W. Gardner

Gerald Ford (1974 -1977) n n Only president not elected to Pres or VP Selected VP following Spiro Agnew’s resignation Nixon resigns (Aug 1974) Grants pardon to Nixon

Election of 1976 n n Ford (R) vs. Carter (D) Carter ran as Washington outsider Ford hurt by weak economy Carter wins 297 electoral votes to 240

Jimmy Carter (1977 -1981) n n Weak leadership style Economic problems n n High inflation (13%), Trade deficit recession Energy issue n n n High energy costs Oil shortage (1979) Conservation & renewable energy

Carter cont. n n Panama Canal Treaty Camp David Accords n n n Peace treaty between Israel & Egypt Resumed diplomatic relations with China SALT II Treaty with USSR

n Iran Hostage Crisis n n n Nov 4, 1979: Takeover of US embassy in Teheran Jan 20, 1981: Hostages released Boycott of 1980 Moscow Olympics after Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

Election of 1980 n n n Carter (D) vs. Reagan (R) “ABC Movement” Importance of conservative voters from South & West Reagan wins 489 electoral votes Republicans get control of Senate

Reagan (1981 -1989) n n “Teflon President” Changes in environmental policy Reduced size of federal government New Federalism: shifted responsibilities to states

Reagan n USSR: “The Evil Empire” n n Massive Arms Race Star Wars (Strategic Defense Initiative) Lebanon (1983) Nicaragua & El Salvador

Election of 1984 n n n R: Reagan (Bush) D: Mondale (Geraldine Ferraro) Big win for Reagan

Reagan’s 2 nd Presidency n New relationship with USSR n n n Glasnost 1989: Berlin Wall comes down Iran-Contra Affair Impacted the Judiciary Economics: Supply side n n Widened gap between rich & poor $2 trillion debt

Election of 1988 n n Bush (R) vs. Dukakis (D) Bush wins 426 to 112

George Bush (1989 -1992) n Persian Gulf War/Operation Desert Storm n n Aug 1990: Saddam Hussein invades Kuwait Jan 1991: Congress declares war US & UN troops Clarence Thomas/Anita Hill Controversy

Election of 1992 D: Clinton R: Bush I: Perot Clinton wins 370 to 168

Bill Clinton (1993 -2001) n n NAFTA Controversies n n Health Care Reform Don’t ask, Don’t tell Waco, TX Monica Lewinsky/Impeachment

Election of 1996 n n n Clinton (D) Dole (R) Strong economy helps Clinton win

Election of 2000 n n Gore (D) vs. G. W. Bush (R) Problems with Florida’s ballots Supreme Court rules Bush wins Gore wins popular vote