Chapter 32 Cold War and Decolonization 1945 1991

Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991 Chapter Outline © 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. I. Competing Economic Models II. The Cold War: 1945 -1962 III. Vietnam and Afghanistan: 1962 -1991 IV. M. S. Gorbachev and the End of Bipolarity, 198591 V. Decolonization Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present

Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991 I. Competing Economic Models 1944, Bretton Woods Conference >United Nations 44 Countries A. A New Capitalist Framework 1945 - International Montery Fund International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) 1947 - General Agreement B. The Soviet Alternative COMECON Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins © 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. on Tariffs and Trade

© 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991 Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins

Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991 II. The Cold War: 1945 -1962 A. The Roots of the Cold War B. The Cold War in Europe, to 1953 Yalta Conference Pact mutual accusations of violations by 1948, satellites: Warsaw, East Berlin, Prague, Budapest, Bucharest, Sofia, Tirana Germany, 1946 Britain and U. S. merge 1948 French join > divided Germany: Iron Curtain Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins © 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. > Bizonia

Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991 II. The Cold War: 1945 -1962 B. The Cold War in Europe, to 1953 Truman Doctrine, 1947 aid to Greece, Turkey = entry into Cold War Policy of containment Marshall Plan aid for Europe Dodge Plan - Japan 1948 - Russia blockades lifted, 1949 > Federal Republic of Germany, Western German Democratic Republic, Soviet North Atlantic Treaty Alliance, 1949 Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins © 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Berlin

Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991 II. The Cold War: 1945 -1962 C. China and Korea, 1949 -53 1949 - Mao Zedong Korea split June, 1950 North Korea invades South UN in, 195053 Georgi Malenkov Vyacheslav Molotov the Stalin Era" 1956, 21 st Party Congress "Crimes of 1957 - Soviet Triumphs Sputnik ICBMs E. Krushchev and Kennedy 1962 - Bay of Pigs Brummett, et al, > Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Soviet © 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Beria D. The Krushchev Years, 1953 -62 1953 - Death of Stalin > collective leadership: Lavrenti

Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991 III. Vietnam and Afghanistan: 1962 -1991 A. The Americanization of the Vietnamese Civil War Increased U. S. presence 500, 000 U. S. troops by 1968 1973 - Accord withdrawal of U. S. troops 1975 - offensive from Hanoi B. Repercussions of the U. S. Failure 1970, Cambodia Communists take Khmer Rouge Pol Pot Khmer Rouge expelled by 1994 Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins © 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Cambodia, Laos

Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991 III. Vietnam and Afghanistan: 1962 -1991 C. The USSR's Vietnam: Afghanistan 1978, USSR and Vietnam's "Friendship Treaty" President Hafizullah Amin supported by Soviets 1979, his regime threatened December, 1979, USSR takes Kabul Babrak Kamal installed Mujahideen Saudi Arabia, U. S. 1989, Soviet withdrawal Civil war continues Taliban Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins © 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. resistance supported by

Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991 © 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. IV. M. S. Gorbachev and the End of Bipolarity, 198591 Mikhail Gorbachev, 1985 -1991 1985, meeting with Reagan > Intermediate Nuclear Forces agreement, 1987 = End of Cold War 1991, Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty 1989, withdrawal from Afghanistan Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins

Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991 V. Decolonization B. The Middle East and North Africa World War II hastens decolonization A. Asia Cambodia, Vietnam) continues Cambodia, Laos autonomous after World War II 1945 - Ho Chi Minh, Republic of Vietnam 1946 - War 1950, U. S. troops in Republic of South Vietnam Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) anticommunist Iran Mohammad Mosaddeq oil nationalized Shah forced to flee 1954 - military coup sponsored by CIA Tunisia, Egypt Habib Bourguiba, Abdel Gamel Nasser nationalist movements National Liberation Front (FLN) > fall of Fourth Republic 1956 - Suez Crisis French, English, Israelis v. Nasser U. S. , Soviet Union support Nasser Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins © 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. French Rule, Indochina (Laos,

Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991 V. Decolonization Constitution C. Sub-Saharan Africa Gold Coast leads 1945, D. The United Nations: Midwife for Independence Movements 1941 - Great Britain, U. S. 1945 - Charter 51 members > 191, 2002 Legislative Council Coast Convention Kwame Nkrumah > Convention People's Party, 1949 1951 - CPP wins elections > 1957, Britain grants elections > Ghana France, Belgium, Portugal retain control Organization Security Counci 8 l General Assembly Economic and Social Council Trusteeship Council International Court of Justice Secretariat Secretary-general Big Five U. S. , U. S. S. R. , China, France, Great Britain Guinea the exception Sekou Touré Security Council - 11 members Big Five permanent Six elected for two-year terms 1958, Independence > 13 French Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Brummett, et al, Civilization, © 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. United Gold

Fortune magazine, May, 1954 Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins © 2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 32: Cold War and Decolonization, 1945 -1991