Chapter 30 Lesson 1 HIV AND AIDS HIV

Chapter 30 Lesson 1 HIV AND AIDS

HIV AND THE BODY Lymphocytes – white blood cells made in the bone marrow - Human body contains billions of lymphocytes found in blood, spleen, lymph nodes, appendix, tonsils, and adenoids - Help body fight disease

2 major types of Lymphocytes • B-cells – which mature in bone marrow • T-cells – which mature in the thymus gland • T-helper cells help stimulate B-cells to produce antibodies that destroy pathogens • Anti bodies- proteins that destroy pathogens

How HIV works • When HIV enters the bloodstream, it enters certain cells, including T-helper cells • HIV reproduces its genetic material in these cells • T-helper cells become infected and destroyed • Reduces the ability of immune system to fight pathogens

How HIV works • HIV can be present anywhere in the body • Bloodstream, lymph nodes, brain cells

How HIV is Transmitted • HIV Must enter a persons blood stream in order to infect the person • Through exchange of body fluids – Blood – Semen – Vaginal secretions – Breast milk

Risk Behaviors Known to Transmit HIV • 93% through intercourse or IV drug use • Sexual intercourse – can be transmitted through any form of sexual intercourse • Sharing needles – Person who is infected injects themselves wit a needle, drops of blood left on the needle, if another person uses same needle very likely to get infected

Statistics • AIDS leading cause of death in 25 -41 year old age group • Many in their 20’s probably were infected as teenagers • 3, 359 cases 13 -19 • Aids in now the leading cause of death for women in 15 of the largest cities in the U. S.