chapter 3 The Rise of a National Literature

chapter 3. The Rise of a National Literature Professor : Youn-Man Kim Presenter : Hana Jung (20082528) Jihei Lee (20082523)

Contents v Introduce (2) Historical Background Literature Tendency v a plot v Writers & Works (1) (2) Late 18 c Early 19 c

v Introduce (1) Historical Background (2) Tendency of Literature • The romantic period

(1) Historical Background ① Independence of the end of 18 th century (America War of Independence) ② Reclaimed land of the American west of 19 th century ③ 1846~1848 Mexico war : The American deprived the Mexico from the Mexico land.

(2)Literature Tendency The romantic period - From 19 th century to the civil war (in the novel 1820 ~ 1860) - In America coincided with the period of national expansion and the discovery of a American voice. - Opposed to classicism and rationalism / emphasized the human personality and emotions. - America's national identity, idealism and romantic passion for jelling with the increase of the famous works of the American Renaissance was born. * The first American literature was try to make to romanticism it could not support of many people, but their failure helped to success of future.

v. A plot (1) At the time of British literature, American literature was difficult to get out from under the shade. * three points views for American literature * ① American literature still lacked national feeling. ② American literature was too young to declare its independence from the British literary tradition. ③ The call for a national literature was a mistake. -> The argument continued for almost a hundred years without any clear decision.

v. A plot (2) Novels were the first popular literature of the newly independent United States. This is astonishing because almost no American novels were written before the Revolution. (3) The earliest American novelists had to be very careful. Like drama, the novel 'immoral' ideas into the heads of young people. At the time, American was very sensitive about take in the novel so the authors consider this point was filled with a lesson and religious.

v. Writers & Works (1) Late 18 c (2) Early 19 c (3) Southern

(1)Late 18 c Age of independent Taking place of American literature

First novel. Power of sympathy (1789) Written by William Hill Brown. Considered to immoral writing by the Puritans. ㄴSuppressed soon after it was published. After the event, novel writers in that era, tried hard to be accepted by the Puritans

Susanna Rowson. Charlotte Temple(1791) • Written by Susanna Rowson who was a British. American novelist, poet, playwright, religious writer, stage actress and educator. • Bestseller in American literature until Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin was published in 1852.

First important novel. Modern Chivalry(1792) • First memorable fictional work. • Written by Hugh Henry Brackenridge. • Purpose : reforming in morals and manners of the people and describing the America's frontier life. • But, he had a brief affair with Mary Wollstonecraft • Captain John Farrago(hero of the book) ≒ Don Quixote

Writer's writer. Charles Brockden Brown • Most ambitious and accomplished American novelist before James Fenimore Cooper. • Lion's share of commentary and attention. • His style (sensational violence, dramatic intensity, and intellectual complexity) = Gothic novel • Influenced later writer Hawthorne and Poe. • The masterpiece : Wieland(1798)

(2)Early 19 c The Knickerbocker era(from 1810 to 1840) Beginning of professional writings New York was going to be the center of American writing

First professional author in America. Washington Irving • Word "Knickerbocker" was originated in Irving's book A History of New York. • • • Showing Neoclassical wit and irony. Humorous Lampooning with the people who actually lived in those days • Quoting phrases of classical literature in each country of Europe (with his detailed geographical position of America and unique characters) • First writer who can serve in the world. • The masterpiece : <A History of New York >and <The Sketch Book> • Father of American short novel

Father of American Full-length Novel. James Fenimore Cooper • First successful author of (full-length)novel in America • First author of adventure story and novel of the sea. • Pioneer of Melville. • Combined the Realism and Romantics • The masterpiece : <Leatherstocking Tales> • American Walter Scott • Questing human irrespective of race.

Father of American Poetry. William Cullen Bryant • First important men of poet genre • Nature worshiper/Nature=Truth • Helped translating Neoclassic to Romantic • The masterpiece : <Thanatopsis> the blank verse

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