Chapter 3 The Matching Concept and the Adjusting

Chapter 3 The Matching Concept and the Adjusting Process Accounting, 21 st Edition Warren Reeve Fess © Power. Point Presentation by Douglas Cloud Professor Emeritus of Accounting Pepperdine University Task Force Image Gallery clip art included in this electroni presentation is used with the permission of NVTech Inc.

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Objectives 1. Explain how the matching concept relates to Afterofstudying this the accrual basis accounting. you should 2. Explain why chapter, adjustments are necessary and be able list the characteristics of to: adjusting entries. 3. Journalize entries for accounts requiring adjustment. 4. Summarize the adjustment process and prepare an adjusted trial balance. 5. Use vertical analysis to compare financial statement items with each other and with industry averages.

The Matching Concept

Melaporkan Pendapatan dan Beban DUA METODE Akuntansi Kas Basis Akuntansi Akrual basis

Dengan konsep kas basis pada periode akuntansi, pendapatan dan beban dilaporkan dalam laporan laba rugi dalam periode penerimaan atau pembayaran kas.

Dengan konsep akrual basis ada periode akuntansi, Pendapatan dilaporkan dalam laporan laba rugi dalam periode perolehannya.

Akuntansi Akrual Basis. Accounting ü Pendapatan dilaporkan ketika diperoleh. ü Beban dilaporkan ketika terjadi. ü Dipertandingkan secara memadai pendapatan dan beban untuk menetukan laba bersih. ü Dibutuhkan jurnal penyesuaian pada akhir periode.

The matching concept mendukung pelaporan pendapatan dan beban yang berhubungan. Paid Membayar $10, 000 for $10, 000 an advertising untuk campaign iklan produk for a $10, 000 Dicatat product yang akan that will di sebagai aset. be kenalkan introduced tahun in 2003. 2005. 2004 Menjual produk $10, 000 beban yang diiklankan. ditahun 2005 untuk menandingkan pendapatan. 2005

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain. Neraca saldo belum disesuiakan 2 2 20 1 065 220 000 400 000 800 00 900 00 360 00 25 000 00 4 000 00 16 340 00 4 275 00 1 600 00 985 00 800 00 455 00 42 600 00

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain. Assets 2 2 20 1 065 220 000 400 000 800 00 900 00 360 00 25 000 00 4 000 00 16 340 00 4 275 00 1 600 00 985 00 800 00 455 00 42 600 00

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain. Liabilities 2 2 20 1 065 220 000 400 000 800 00 900 00 360 00 25 000 00 4 000 00 16 340 00 4 275 00 1 600 00 985 00 800 00 455 00 42 600 00

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain. Owner’s Equity 2 2 20 1 065 220 000 400 000 800 00 900 00 360 00 25 000 00 4 000 00 16 340 00 4 275 00 1 600 00 985 00 800 00 455 00 42 600 00

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain. Revenue 2 2 20 1 065 220 000 400 000 800 00 900 00 360 00 25 000 00 4 000 00 16 340 00 4 275 00 1 600 00 985 00 800 00 455 00 42 600 00

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Cash Accounts Receivable Supplies Prepaid Insurance Land Office Equipment Accounts Payable Unearned Rent Chris Clark, Capital Chris Clark, Drawing Fees Earned Wages Expense Rent Expense Utilities Expense Supplies Expense Miscellaneous Expense 2 2 20 1 065 220 000 400 000 800 00 900 00 360 00 25 000 00 Expenses 4 000 00 16 340 00 4 275 00 1 600 00 985 00 800 00 455 00 42 600 00

Net. Solutions Chart of Accounts Neraca 1. Aktiva 4. 11 Kas 41 12 piutangg. 42 14 Perlengkapan. 5. 15 Asuransi dibayar dimuka. 51 17 Tanah 52 18 Peralatan Kantor. 53 19 Akumulasi Depresiasi. Accumulated 54 Depreciation 55 2. Utang 21 Utang Dagang 56 22 Utang Gaji 59 23 Pendapatan Sewa diterima dimuka 3. Modal 31 Modal, Chris Clark. 32 Prive, Chris Clark, . Laporan Laba Rugi. Pendapatan Jasa Pendapatan Sewa Beban gaji Beban Sewa Beban Depresiasi Beban Utiilitas Beban Perlengkapan Beban Asuransi Beban Lain-lain.

Beban Ditunda (Beban dibayar dimuka)

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas 2 065 00 piutangg 2 220 00 Suplai 2 000 00 Pendapatan diterima dimuka 2 400 00 Sebagian suplai telah digunakan. Tanah 20 00 Peralatan Kantor 1 800 00 Pada 31 December, Perhitungan Utang Dagang menunjukan bahwa $760 suplai Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka masih ditangan. Modal, Chris Clark 25 Prive, Chris Clark 4 000 00 Pendapatan Jasa 16 Beban gaji 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Beban Utilitas 985 00 Beban Suplai 800 00 Beban Lain-lain. 455 00 42 600 00 42 900 00 360 00 00 340 00 600 00

Suplai (saldo pada neraca saldo) Suplai ditangan, 31 December Suplai digunakan 2005 1 Dec. 31 Beban suplai Suplai 2 $2, 000 – 760 $1, 240 55 14 1 240 00 3 4 Bal. Beban Suplai 14 2, 000 Dec. 31 1, 240 Bal. 800 Dec. 76031 1, 240 2, 040 55

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain. 2 2 20 1 065 220 000 400 000 800 00 Pembayaran dimuka untuk 24 900 bulan asuransi tidak menunjukan 360 25 000 bahwa asuransi pada bulan 4 000 00 Desember telah kadaluarsa. . 16 340 00 00 4 275 00 1 600 00 985 00 800 00 455 00 42 600 00

4 5 31 Beban Asuransi dibayar dimuka 56 100 00 15 100 00 6 7 Asuransi dibayar dimuka 15 Bal. 2, 400 Dec. 31 100 2, 300 Beban Asuransi Dec. 31 100 Note: You probably have the idea of how posting flows, so the rest of the slides will omit the arrows. 56

Effect of Omitting Adjustment

Pendapatan ditunda. (Pendapatan Diterima Dimuka)

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Utang Dagang Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Beban gaji Rent Expense Beban Utilitas Beban Suplai Beban Lain-lain. 2 2 20 1 065 220 000 400 000 800 00 Sewa tiga bulan $360, diterima pada 1 December. Pada 31 December, hanya $120 yang 900 360 diperoleh. 00 00 25 000 00 4 000 00 16 340 00 4 275 00 1 600 00 985 00 800 00 455 00 42 600 00

7 8 31 Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka 23 120 00 42 Pendapatan Sewa 120 00 9 10 Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka 23 Dec. 31 120 Bal. 360 240 Pendapatan Sewa Dec. 31 42 120

Effect of Omitting Adjustment

Pengakuan Beban (pengakuan Utang)

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 25 Kas 2 065 00 piutang 2 220 00 Pada akhir Desember, diakui Suplai 2 000 beban 00 Pendapatan diterima dimuka 2 400 Beban 00 $250. Sebelumnya, gaji Tanah 20 00 understated dan tidak ada utang Peralatan Kantor 1 800 00 Utang Dagang 900 00 untuk gaji ini. Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka 360 00 Modal, Chris Clark 25 000 00 Prive, Chris Clark 4 000 00 Pendapatan Jasa 16 340 00 Beban gaji 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Beban Utilitas 985 00 Beban Suplai 800 00 Beban Lain-lain. 455 00 42 600 00

10 11 31 Wages Expense 51 250 00 22 Utang gaji 250 00 12 13 Wages Payable Dec. 31 22 250 Wages Expense Bal. Dec. 31 4, 275 250 51

Effect of Omitting Adjustment

Pengakuan Pendapatan(Peng akuan Aktiva)

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas 2 065 00 piutang 2 220 00 Suplai 2 000 00 Pendapatan diterima dimuka 2 400 00 Net. Solutions memberikan Tanah 20 00 $500 jasa Desember kepada Peralatan Kantor 1 800 00 Utang Dagang 900 00 konsumen yang belum Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka 360 00 dilakukan penagihan. Modal, Chris Clark 25 000 00 Prive, Chris Clark 4 000 00 Pendapatan Jasa 16 340 00 Beban gaji 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Beban Utilitas 985 00 Beban Suplai 800 00 Beban Lain-lain. 455 00 42 600 00 29

13 14 12 41 31 piutangg Pendapatan Jasa 500 00 15 16 piutangg Bal. 2, 220 Dec. 31 500 2, 720 12 Pendapatan Jasa 41 Bal. 16, 340 Dec. 31 500 16, 840

Effect of Omitting Adjustment

Aktiva Tetap

Tanah tidak memiliki batasan masa manfaat, sehingga tanah tidak perlu didepresiasi.

Bangunan memiliki masa manfaat yang terbatas, sehingga harus didepresiasi. Akun kontra digunakan untuk penyesuaian adalah akun akumulasi depresiasi. Bangunan

Peralatan memiliki masa manfaat yang terbatas, sehingga harus didepresiasi, dengan akun kontra Akumulasi Depresiasi-Peralatan.

Net. Solutions mengestimasi depresiasi pada peralatan kantornya. $50 untuk Desember. 16 17 18 31 Beban Depresiasi 53 50 00 Akumulasi Depresiasi-peralatan 19 19 50 00 Akumulasi Depresiasi-Peralatan 19 Dec. 31 50 Beban Depresiasi Dec. 31 50 53

Neraca Net. Solutions Menunjukan peralatan kantor pada harga perolehan dikurangi akumulasi depresiasi. Peralatan Kantor -Akumulasi Depre $1, 800 50 $1, 750 Book value

Effect of Omitting Adjustment

Summary of Basic Adjustments

Neraca Saldo Net. Solutions’ telah disesuaikan 31 December 2005

41 Net. Solutions Adjusted Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Kas piutang Suplai Pendapatan diterima dimuka Tanah Peralatan Kantor Akumulasi Depresiasi Utang Dagang Utang Gaji Pendapatan Sewa Diterima Dimuka Modal, Chris Clark. Prive, Chris Clark Pendapatan Jasa Pendapatan Sewa Beban Gaji Beban Sewa Beban Utilitas Continued 2 2 20 1 065 220 000 400 000 800 00 50 900 250 240 25 000 00 00 4 000 00 16 840 00 120 00 4 525 00 1 600 00 985 00

Net. Solutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 (Continued) Beban Suplai Beban Asuransi Beban Lain-Lain 2 040 100 455 43 400 42 00 00 43 400 00

Vertical Analysis and Interpretation

J. Holmes, Attorney-at-Law Income Statements For the Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 Fees earned Operating expenses: Wages expense Rent expense Utilities expense Supplies expense Miscellaneous exp. Total operating expenses Net income 2006 2005 Amount Percent $187, 500 $150, 000 $60, 000 15, 000 12, 500 2, 700 2, 300 $45, 000 12, 000 9, 000 3, 000 1, 800 $92, 500 $95, 000 $70, 800 $79, 200

2006 2005 Amount Percent Fees earned $187, 500 100. 0% Operating expenses: Wages expense $60, 000 Rent expense 15, 000 Utilities expense 12, 500 Supplies expense 2, 700 Miscellaneous exp. 2, 300 Total operating expenses $92, 500 Net income $95, 000 $150, 000 100. 0% $45, 000 12, 000 9, 000 3, 000 1, 800 $70, 800 $79, 200

2006 2005 Amount Percent Fees earned $187, 500 100. 0% Operating expenses: Wages expense $60, 000 32. 0% Rent expense 15, 000 38. 0% Utilities expense 12, 500 Supplies expense 2, 700 Miscellaneous exp. 2, 300 Total operating expenses $92, 500 Net income $95, 000 $150, 000 100. 0% $60, 000 $45, 000 $187, 500 $15, 000 12, 000 $187, 500 9, 000 3, 000 1, 800 $70, 800 $79, 200

2006 2005 Amount Percent Fees earned $187, 500 100. 0% Operating expenses: Wages expense $60, 000 32. 0% Rent expense 15, 000 8. 0% Utilities expense 12, 500 6. 7% Supplies expense 2, 700 1. 4% Miscellaneous exp. 2, 300 1. 2% Total operating expenses $92, 500 49. 3% Net income $95, 000 50. 7% $150, 000 100. 0% $45, 000 12, 000 9, 000 3, 000 1, 800 30. 0% 8. 0% 6. 0% 2. 0% 1. 2% $70, 800 $79, 200 47. 2% 52. 8%

Chapter 3 The End