Chapter 3 States of Matter and Phase Changes
- Slides: 20
Chapter 3 States of Matter and Phase Changes
Kinetic Theory says that all particles of matter are in constant motion. There are forces of attraction among the particles in all matter.
Physical States of Matter 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Bose-Einstein Condensates Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
Physical States of Matter 1. Solid Atoms are packed tightly together and stay in one place
Very low kinetic energy Atoms have a fixed position Has definite shape Has definite volume Cannot be compressed
2. Liquid Atoms are packed close together but are able to slide past one another
More kinetic energy than a solid Atoms slide past one another Has indefinite shape Has definite volume Cannot be compressed
3. Gas Atoms are far apart and move rapidly
Has a high kinetic energy Atoms are far apart from one another No definite volume No definite shape Gases can be compressed
4. Plasma Extremely high kinetic energy Has no definite shape or volume Bare nuclei swimming in a sea of electrons
Are electrically conductive and can produce magnetic fields and electric currents Not common on Earth but makes up 99% of matter in the universe
5. Bose-Einstein Condensate Almost no kinetic energy or movement of atoms Atoms clump together as one “super atom” Definite shape and volume Cannot be compressed
Phase Change A reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another
Different phase changes are: Melting (Fusion) Freezing Vaporization Condensation Sublimation Deposition
The temperature of a substance does not change during a phase change
During a phase change energy is transferred between a substance and its surroundings Endothermic – system absorbs energy from its surroundings Exothermic – system releases energy to its surroundings
Deposition
The amount of heat absorbed as ice melts is called the heat of fusion Amount of heat absorbed to change from a liquid to a gas is called heat of vaporization
Boiling – when the vapor pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure Evaporation – takes place at the surface of the liquid and occurs at temperatures below the boiling point
- Diffusion vs effusion
- Deposition phase change
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- Chapter 12 states of matter study guide
- Chapter 10 review states of matter section 4
- Chapter 2 section 1 classifying matter answers
- Changes in latitudes, changes in attitudes meaning
- Example of physical change
- Properties and changes of matter worksheet
- Definition of substance
- Matter-properties and changes answer key
- Big idea 9 changes in matter
- Eating food physical or chemical change
- Mobile phase and stationary phase
- Stationary phase
- Detectors used in hplc
- Solid matters
- Heating cooling curve
- 6 phase changes
- Phase change diagram worksheet
- Are phase changes reversible