CHAPTER 3 SECTION 2 Industrialization Factors that Contributed

CHAPTER 3, SECTION 2 Industrialization

Factors that Contributed to Industrialization • 1) Natural Resources. • 2) Large Workforce. • 3) Free Enterprise. • 4) New Inventions.

1) Natural Resources • • Water, timber, coal, iron and copper. • Industries depended on these goods No need to import from other countries. Use of railroads to transport goods. • Many natural resources were in the West Petroleum • Before cars petroleum was used as kerosene. • Lanterns and stoves

2) Large Workforce • Between 1860 - 1910 the American population tripled. • • Large families. Flood of immigrants. • Plenty of workers. • Larger markets for goods.

• 3) Free Enterprise Entrepreneurs invest their own $ to run a business. • • Wanted to become rich Attracted to manufacturing and transportation Laissez- faire: businesses operate without gov’t interference. Push for free trade without high taxes

4) New Inventions • • Increased productivity by making it faster & easier. Improved transportation and communication • Needed for industrial growth

Telephone (1876): Alexander Graham Bell

Thomas Edison

Soon after Edison…

Impact of Inventions • • • Standardization: consistent quality. Prices dropped. • With new inventions goods cost less to produce, and are sold at a lower price. Improved: • • • Transportation Communication General quality of life

Railroads: Linking the Nation

Pacific Railway Act • • Passed by Lincoln in 1862. Goal= build transcontinental railroad linking East and West. Two major companies: • • Union Pacific Central Pacific Competition for most land gov’t $$$$

Railroads Cause Growth • • Increased the size of markets for many goods. R. R. stimulated economy • Bought tons of steel, coal, timber, etc. • R. R. companies created time zones. • Made U. S. feel united

Land Grant System • • • Because it was so expensive to build railroads, U. S. gives companies land to sell. Area larger than New England, New York, and Pennsylvania combined! Selling the land nearly pays for all construction.

Corruption • Bribery of government officials. • Stealing taxpayers money. • Why is the government working so closely with private companies?

Power. Point Questions • • • 1) In what ways was America an ideal place for Industrialization? 2) What impact did new inventions have on American industrialization? 3) How did the transcontinental railroad help Industrialization?