Chapter 3 Hand Tools Copyright 2009 Delmar Cengage

Chapter 3 Hand Tools Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Objectives • Correctly identify the hand tools used in woodworking • Explain the uses of each tool • Understand how to use hand tools safely • Know how to select and properly care for hand tools Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Introduction • Hand tools: tools powered only by the operator • Five general categories – – – Measuring, layout, and marking tools Saws Chisels and planes Drilling tools Shaping, smoothing, and scraping tools Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Measuring, Layout, and Marking Tools • Measuring tools – Steel tapes and wooden rules: woodworker’s primary measuring tools – Used for measuring widths, lengths, thickness, and for layout in conjunction with other layout and marking tools • Layout tools – A key layout tool is a true square • T-shaped or L-shaped tool used for drawing and testing right angles Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Figure 3 -1 Tapes and rules. Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Measuring, Layout, and Marking Tools (continued) • Layout tools (continued) – – – – Combination square Try square Speed square Bevel square Compass Divider Trammel point Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

FRAMING SQUARE SPEED SQUARE TRY SQUARES DOUBLE SQUARE COMBINATION SQUARE Figure 3 -2 Framing square, try squares, double square, combination square, Speed Square. Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Measuring, Layout, and Marking Tools • Marking tools (continued) – Anything used to inscribe layout or cut lines • Marking knife • Marking gauge • Mortise gauge • Saws – Used for cutting material to a specific size and shape • Rip saw • Crosscut saw • Combination saw Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Measuring, Layout, and Marking Tools (continued) • Saws (continued) • Backsaw family: miter saw, tenon saw, dovetail saw, gent’s saw, and dozuki saw • Flush cut saw • Coping saw • Chisels and planes – Chisel: metal tool with a sharp beveled edge that is used to cut and shape wood • Forced into wood to cut Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Measuring, Layout, and Marking Tools (continued) • Chisels and planes (continued) – Plane: used to flatten, smooth, and reduce thickness of wood • Cut is much more controlled, because cutter is held securely in the plane • Bench plane • Block plane Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Figure 3 -18 Diagram of a bench plane. Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Measuring, Layout, and Marking Tools (continued) • Drilling tools – Several hand tools are designed for drilling, boring, and countersinking operations • Brace • Hand drill • Yankee push drill Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Measuring, Layout, and Marking Tools (continued) • Shaping, smoothing, and scraping tools – – – – Rasp File Riffler Spokeshave Drawknife Card scraper Cabinet scraper Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Measuring, Layout, and Marking Tools (continued) • Striking and fastening tools – – Hammer Nail set Mallet Screwdriver Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Figure 3 -38 The screwdriver tip should fit the slot snugly. Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Hand Tool Safety • • Keep your tools sharp Never work a tool toward your body Secure your work in a vise or with a clamp Use common sense; your best guard against injury is your brain Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Figure 3 -39 The material being planed is held securely in the bench vise. Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Hand Tool Safety (continued) • Selecting and caring for hand tools – Good quality, well-cared-for hand tools are precision instruments that will last a lifetime – Buy the best hand tools you can afford – Should be stored in locations that will protect them – Tips of chisels should be protected Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Hand Tool Safety (continued) • Selecting and caring for hand tools (continued) – Avoid rusting by wiping on a coat of light oil periodically – Surface rust can be removed with abrasives – Periodically wax soles of your planes Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Summary • Few of today’s woodworkers use hand tools exclusively, nor would most choose to do so • Developing skill with hand tools will give you a tremendous edge • Since processing is slower with hand tools, you have a chance to make corrections as you go • Keep hand tools sharp and safe from damage Copyright © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning