Chapter 3 Exploring Diversity of Matter by Its

Chapter 3: Exploring Diversity of Matter by Its Chemical Composition

Chemical Compositions Of Matter What is chemical composition? • The chemical components that make a substance. What are the different chemical components? • Mixture, suspension and solutions.

What are Elements? What are elements • Matter in its simplest form. • Elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical methods.

WHAT ARE COMPOUNDS? What are compounds It is a substance that is made up of two or more different elements chemically combined. Properties of compounds are usually different from the element it is made up of. It always has a fix proportions by mass. It cannot be broken down by physical methods.

WHAT ARE MIXTURES? What are mixtures A mixture consists of 2 or more different substances that are mixed but not chemically combined. It is not fixed in proportions. It can be separated by physical methods. It has the properties of the substances it is made up of.

MIXTURES What are solutions? Mixture of solute and solvent whereby the solute is dissolved by the solvent. E. g. ( Salt is solute and water is solvent. ) What are suspensions? A mixture in which insoluble substances are suspended in the fluid. (E. g. Solute is a rock and the fluid is water. )

WHAT IS SOLUBILITY AND RATE OF DISSOLVING? Solubility? It is the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent. Rate of dissolving? It is the amount of solute that dissolves in a fixed volume of solvent, given a fixed amount of time.

FACTORS THAT AFFECT SOLUBILITY. Nature of solvent Whether a solvent can dissolve a particular solute. Nature of solute Whether a solute can be dissolved in a particular solvent Temperature Whether a solute can be dissolved in a solvent at a particular temperature.

FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE RATE OF DISSOLVING. Temperature The higher the temperature or the solvent, the faster the solute is dissolved. Size of solute particles The smaller the size of the solute particles (bigger surface area), the faster the solute can be dissolved. Rate of stirring The faster the rate of stirring the faster the solute dissolves.