CHAPTER 29 Mainland Southeast Asia Section 1 Natural

CHAPTER 29 Mainland Southeast Asia Section 1: Natural Environments Section 2: History and Culture Section 3: The Region Today

SECTION 1 Natural Environments Question: What are three landform regions of mainland Southeast Asia?

SECTION 1 Natural Environments Mountains • located in northern Southeast Asia • rugged landscapes • fan out from Himalayas and Plateau of Tibet through Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam Plains and plateaus • found in central Southeast Asia • cover much of Thailand Cambodia • includes Thailand’s Khorat Plateau River valleys and deltas • Irrawaddy, Choa Phraya, Hong (Red), and Mekong Rivers • fertile alluvial soils, heavy farming • dense populations, most of the region’s cities • rivers used for local transportation

SECTION 2 History and Culture Question: What are the cultural elements of each country in Southeast Asia?

SECTION 2 History and Culture Myanmar Mainland Southeast Asia’s Cultures • Austro-Asiatic language (Vietnamese) • many ethnic groups • mix of Confucianism, Buddhism, some animists • varied food tradition • Sino-Tibetan language (Burmese) • many ethnic groups • mostly Buddhists, some animists Cambodia • Austro-Asiatic language (Khmer) • mostly Buddhist Vietnam Thailand • Tai language (Thai) • mostly Buddhist, but Hindu Brahmins lead ceremonies • curries common in diet Laos • Tai language (Laotian) • some animists

SECTION 3 The Region Today Question: What crops are produced in each agricultural system in Southeast Asia?

SECTION 3 The Region Today Economic Development of West and Central Africa Paddy agriculture rice Plantation agriculture natural rubber sugarcane pineapples Subsistence agriculture rice, cassava, yams, bananas, pineapples, beans, sugarcane

CHAPTER 29 Chapter Wrap-Up 1. What are the major climates in mainland Southeast Asia, and where are they found? 2. What types of soils have made the region’s river valleys rich farming areas? 3. Which of the region’s countries was never a European colony? What two European countries had colonies in the region? 4. What three major language families are found in the region? Who are some of the primary speakers of the languages in each group? 5. In what areas do most of the region’s people live? What are the large cities of the region like?