Chapter 28 Multimedia Mc GrawHill The Mc GrawHill

Chapter 28 Multimedia Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 1 Mc. Graw-Hill Internet audio/video ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: Streaming stored audio/video refers to on-demand requests for compressed audio/video files. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: Streaming live audio/video refers to the broadcasting of radio and TV programs through the Internet. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: Interactive audio/video refers to the use of the Internet for interactive audio/video applications. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

28. 1 Digitizing Audio and Video Digitizing Audio Digitizing Video Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: Compression is needed to send video over the Internet. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

28. 2 Audio/Video Compression Audio Compression Video Compression Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 2 Mc. Graw-Hill JPEG gray scale ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 3 Mc. Graw-Hill JPEG process ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 4 Mc. Graw-Hill Case 1: uniform gray scale ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 5 Mc. Graw-Hill Case 2: two sections ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 6 Mc. Graw-Hill Case 3: gradient gray scale ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 7 Mc. Graw-Hill Reading the table ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 8 Mc. Graw-Hill MPEG frames ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 9 Mc. Graw-Hill MPEG frame construction ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

28. 3 Streaming Stored Audio/Video First Approach Second Approach Third Approach Fourth Approach Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 10 Mc. Graw-Hill Using a Web server ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 11 Mc. Graw-Hill Using a Web server with a metafile ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 12 Mc. Graw-Hill Using a media server ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 13 Mc. Graw-Hill Using a media server and RTSP ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

28. 4 Streaming Live Audio/Video Broadcasting of live audio/video over the Internet Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

28. 5 Interactive Audio/Video Characteristics RTP RTCP Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 14 Mc. Graw-Hill Time relationship ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: Jitter is introduced in real-time data by the delay between packets. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 15 Mc. Graw-Hill Jitter ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 16 Mc. Graw-Hill Timestamp ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: To prevent jitter, we can timestamp the packets and separate the arrival time from the playback time. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 17 Mc. Graw-Hill Playback buffer ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: A playback buffer is required for realtime traffic. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: A sequence number on each packet is required for real-time traffic. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: Real-time traffic needs the support of multicasting. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: Translation means changing the encoding of a payload to a lower quality to match the bandwidth of the receiving network. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: Mixing means combining several streams of traffic into one stream. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: TCP, with all its sophistication, is not suitable for interactive multimedia traffic because we cannot allow retransmission of packets. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: UDP is more suitable than TCP for interactive traffic. However, we need the services of RTP, another transport layer protocol, to make up for the deficiencies of UDP. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 18 Mc. Graw-Hill RTP ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: RTP uses a temporary even-numbered UDP port. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 19 Mc. Graw-Hill RTCP message types ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Note: RTCP uses an odd-numbered UDP port number that follows the port number selected for RTP. Mc. Graw-Hill ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 20 Mc. Graw-Hill SIP messages ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 21 Mc. Graw-Hill SIP formats ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 22 Mc. Graw-Hill SIP simple session ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 23 Mc. Graw-Hill Tracking the callee ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 24 Mc. Graw-Hill H. 323 architecture ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 25 Mc. Graw-Hill H. 323 protocols ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004

Figure 28. 26 Mc. Graw-Hill H. 323 example ©The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 2004