Chapter 27 Environmentally Friendly Framing Methods Introduction Structural

Chapter 27 Environmentally Friendly Framing Methods

Introduction • Structural drawings (e. g. , framing plans, sections and details, and foundation plan) – Require thorough understanding of materials and process of construction • Wood, steel, masonry, and concrete are the most common materials used • Each material has its own green properties, and methods of achieving Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) credits

Wood Framing Methods • Each method has many green properties that lead to LEED credits – Common credits gained by use of wood framing methods include: • • Recycled content Building resources Rapidly renewable materials Certified wood products

Wood Framing Methods (cont’d. ) • Balloon or eastern framing – Rarely used – Exterior studs run from the top of the foundation to the top of the highest level

Wood Framing Methods (cont’d. ) • Platform or western framing – Most common – A platform is created by each floor

Wood Framing Methods (cont’d. ) • Post-and-beam framing – Places framing members at greater distances apart than platform methods

Wood Framing Methods (cont’d. ) • Timber construction – Not widely used in last 100 years – Some are returning to timber framing methods • Warmth and coziness

Energy-Efficient Framing Methods • Energy-efficient platform framing – Advanced framing techniques (AFTs) replace nonstructural wood with insulation • Increases energy efficiency

Energy-Efficient Framing (cont’d. ) • Engineered lumber and materials – Structural engineered members • Small pieces of wood turned into framing members • Usually made from wood scraps and young, smalldiameter, fast-growing tree species – Engineered lumber for framing • Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) • Laminated strand lumber (LSL) • Parallel strand lumber (PSL)

Energy-Efficient Framing (cont’d. ) • Structurally insulated panels (SIPs) – Structural strength – High insulation rates – Built-in vapor barriers – Sound-deadening qualities – Ease of installation

Energy-Efficient Framing (cont’d. ) • Steel framing – Consistently straight and square – Resists stress from weather – Contains about 50% recycled metal and is 100% recyclable

Energy-Efficient Framing (cont’d. ) • Concrete masonry units – Durable and economical building – Excellent structural and insulation values – Concrete blocks • Classifications • Patterns, colors, and shapes • Concrete form masonry units

Energy-Efficient Framing (cont’d. ) • Solid masonry construction – Can last for centuries – Reduces temperature swings – Variety of position and patterns – Masonry walls must be reinforced – Masonry veneer

Energy-Efficient Framing (cont’d. ) • Insulated concrete form construction – Provide an energyefficient wall-framing system for an entire structure

Energy-Efficient Framing (cont’d. ) • Modular framing methods – Highly engineered method of construction – Efficient and cost-effective – Begin as components designed, engineered, and assembled in a factory using assemblyline techniques

Green Construction Goals • Key questions: – Can products be selected that are made from environmentally friendly materials? – Can products be selected because of what they do not contain? – Will the products reduce the environmental impact during construction?

Green Construction Goals (cont’d. ) • Key questions (cont’d. ): – Will the products reduce the environmental impact of operating the building? – Will the products to contribute to a safe, healthy indoor environment?

Green Construction Goals (cont’d. ) • Major considerations: – Environmentally friendly materials • • • Salvaged products Products with recycled content Certified wood products Quick-growth and waste by-products Minimally processed products – Removing materials – Reducing construction impact

Green Construction Goals (cont’d. ) • Major considerations (cont’d. ): – Reducing impact after construction • • Reducing energy demands and maintenance Using renewable energy Conserving water Preventing pollution and eliminating pesticides Contributing to the environment Improving interiors with nonpolluting products Blocking, removing, and warning of contaminants