Chapter 26 Totalitarianism Fascism Axis Powers Appeasement Allied

Chapter 26

• • • Totalitarianism Fascism Axis Powers Appeasement Allied Powers Blitzkrieg Luftwaffe Tuskegee Airman Internment D-Day • • • Bataan Death March Island hopping Kamikaze V-E Day Holocaust Kristallnacht Genocide Manhattan Project Enola Gay Vocabulary

• • • Benito Mussolini Adolf Hitler Joseph Stalin Winston Churchill Dwight Eisenhower Erwin Rommel Douglas Mac. Aurthur Chester Nimitz Harry S. Truman People of Importance

• • • Battle of Britain Pearl Harbor Battle of El Alemein Battle of Stalingrad Battle of Midway Battle of Leyte Gulf Iwo Jima Okinawa Battle of the Bulge Hiroshima Nagasaki Important Battles

• Hitler was able to come to power because Germany was suffering from the effects of the Great Depression and he blamed Jews, Communists, and intellectuals. http: //www. teachertube. com/view. Video. php? vi deo_id=93369 Describe how Adolf Hitler was able to come to power in Germany

• Hitler wanted to unite the German speaking people. He took over Rhineland, Austria, Sudetenland, and Czechoslovakia. He then invaded Poland in 1939 starting the war. • http: //www. history. com /interactives/insidewwii-interactive How did Germany start World War II?

• The were able to use radar to detect and destroy German planes. • http: //www. history. com/inte ractives/inside-wwiiinteractive • http: //www. military. com/vi deo/operations-andstrategy/second-worldwar/mysteries-of-ww 2 britainsrada/2217183007001/ 10: 20 How was the RAF able to stop the Luftwaffe?

• The USA did not want to join, we wanted to follow a policy of isolation and focus on rebuilding our economy. We joined after Pearl Harbor was attacked December 7, 1941. • http: //www. history. com /topics/pearlharbor/speeches#fdrasks-congress-todeclare-war-on-japan • http: //www. history. com /videos/world-war-igermans-attack-us-navy -boats#uss-arizonaunder-attack-at-pearlharbor Did the USA want to join in World War II? When did the USA join? Why?

• He organized the march to protest to unfair labor treatment. He canceled it because President Roosevelt issued executive order 8802, prohibiting racial discrimination. Why did A. Philip Randolf organize a march to Washington D. C. , then cancel it?

• They instituted rationing where people were only allowed to buy a certain amount of gas, rubber, shoes, and some foods. • http: //www. history. com /interactives/insidewwii-interactive What WWII programs were similar to “meatless Mondays” that took place in WWI? Explain

• Rosie the Riveter was a symbol of women working to support the war. It encouraged women to join the workforce. • http: //www. history. com/interac tives/inside-wwii-interactive • http: //www. history. com/topics/ world-war-ii/world-war-iihistory/videos/ask-history-rosie -the-riveter Who was “Rosie the Riveter? ” What purpose did she serve?

• Internment was forcing the Japanese -Americans to be held in a prison camp. It was mostly Japanese because the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v= 5_rk 3 RP 5 KQs • http: //www. history. com/topics/world -war-ii/japanese-americanrelocation/videos/japaneseinternment-in-america What was the internment program? Why were only Japanese Americans interned?

• Roosevelt and Churchill on “Europe first” meaning they would focus on invading France. They would also assault German forces in Northern Africa. Joseph Stalin was upset because he wanted the allies to help Russia in the fight against the Germans. What military strategies did Roosevelt and Churchill agree on? What allied leader was upset with these strategies? Why?

• The allies used smokescreens, the convoy system, and sonar. • http: //www. history. com /videos/world-war-igermans-attack-us-navy -boats#world-war-igermans-attack-us-navy -boats What strategies did the allies use against German u-boats?

• The allies focused on Northern Africa because they wanted to protect the Suez Canal. The key battle was the Battle of El Alamein. • http: //www. history. co m/interactives/insidewwii-interactive • http: //www. history. co m/topics/world-warii/world-war-iihistory/videos/northafrica-campaign Why did the allies focus on northern Africa when the USA joined the war? What was the key battle here?

• The Germans tried to capture Stalingrad but did not send enough supplies and many froze or starved during the harsh winter. The key battle was the Battle of Stalingrad. • http: //www. history. com/t opics/world-warii/videos#world-war-iibattle-of-stalingrad What events led to an Allied victory in Russia? What was the key battle here?

• The overall mission was liberating Europe and forcing Hitler to surrender. What was the overall allied mission when launching the D-Day invasion?

• The D-Day invasion was challenging because it was the largest sea to land invasion ever attempted. In addition the Germans had planted mines and barbed wire on the beaches. They were heavily armed and waiting in bomb proof bunkers. The allies secured all 5 beaches on “designated day. ” Describe why the D-Day invasion was so challenging.

• http: //www. history. com/interactives/inside-wwiiinteractive • http: //www. history. com/topics/world-war-ii/dday/videos/d-day-deception • http: //www. history. com/topics/world-war-ii/dday/videos/d-day-allied-invasion-at-normandy • http: //www. history. com/topics/world-war-ii/dday/videos/dday-invasion Describe why the D-Day invasion was so challenging.

• The bombing of Pearl Harbor had left the US Naval fleet weakened. Why couldn’t the US stop Japan’s advancement in the Pacific?

• The two advantages that the US had was the ability to crack secret Japanese code. They also used the Navajo “code talkers” so that the Japanese could not understand what we were saying. • http: //www. youtube. com/ watch? v=j 3 j 2 EBk. TA-o What two advantages did the US have with code?

• Island hopping was when the allies fought to recover only strategic islands from the Japanese, not every island. They used the islands as a supply base. • http: //www. history. com/i nteractives/inside-wwiiinteractive Describe how the strategy of island hopping worked.

• The fighting was so brutal because the Japanese had been given orders to fight to the death. This happened at the Battles of Iwo Jima and also Okinawa. • http: //www. history. com/t opics/battle-of-iwojima/videos#battleokinawa Japanese Torture Chamber Describe why the fighting was so brutal in the Pacific. Give an example of this brutality and where this was happening.

• The war ended as the allies closed in on Hitler in Germany. He made one last attempt to defeat them by attacking in the Ardennes. This became known as the Battle of the Bulge. The allies eventually won the battle and the Russians pushed into Berlin, where Hitler committed suicide. • http: //www. history. com/topics/wo rld-war-ii/videos#battle-bulge How did the war in Europe end? How did Hitler respond?

• Hitler and the Nazis where attempting to exterminate the entire Jewish population of Europe. What were Hitler and the Nazis trying to do with the Holocaust?

• The elderly and the ill were immediately executed. The younger and healthier people were used as workers. When they were unable to work they were also killed. • http: //www. history. com/t opics/world-war-ii/theholocaust/videos/concentr ation-camp-liberation What happened to elderly and the ill at a concentration camp? Why didn’t younger people face the same fate?

• The US decided to drop the atomic bomb on Japan because of the intense fighting. The US thought they would face nearly a million casualties. They dropped the bombs on Hiroshima August 6, 1945 and then Nagasaki on August 9. Describe the reasons that the US decided to drop the atomic bombs on Japan.

• http: //www. history. co m/topics/world-warii/videos#manhattanproject Describe the reasons that the US decided to drop the atomic bombs on Japan.

• The atomic bomb was developed during a secret project called the Manhattan project. It killed people instantly and over time with the effects of radiation. The Japanese surrendered August 15. Describe why an atomic bomb was different than a traditional bomb.

• http: //www. history. co m/topics/world-warii/interactives Describe why an atomic bomb was different than a traditional bomb.