Chapter 25 Reflection and Refraction Reflection and Refraction
- Slides: 37
Chapter 25 Reflection and Refraction
Reflection and Refraction
Reflection
Reflection We will focus on specular reflection
The Law of Reflection All angles are measured with respect to the normal
Multiple reflections
Snell’s Law of Refraction
Refractive Index
Useful facts
Reflection and refraction
Be careful with the normal
More on refractive index
Wavelength in different medium
Find the refractive index and the speed of light in the liquid
Solution
Different colors different speed
Dispersion
What happened to my ruler?
Explanation
Optical Illusion
The image
How to catch a bug
Find θair for the following cases: θwater θair 40° 47° 48. 75° 50° nwater = 1. 33
Solution θwater θair 40° 47° 48. 75° 58. 7° 76. 6° 81. 3° 89. 4° 50° [Error] Total internal reflection
Total Internal Reflection
A slightly more accurate picture
Total internal reflection (TIR) Total internal reflection occurs when θincident > θc. It is when all the refracted light disappear and all the light got reflected back.
The critical angle, θc θc is the angle of incidence θincidence when θrefraction = 90 o
Wrong Answers! Define critical angle: X Critical angle is when TIR happens. (Is what? ? ? ) X Critical angle is the angle of incidence when TIR happens. (TIR happens for many values of θincidence) X Critical angle is the angle when TIR begins. (Which angle? ? ? ) Define TIR: X TIR is when the angle of incidence = critical angle. (What about θincidence>θc? ) X TIR is when the angle of incidence > critical angle. (Circular logic)
Find the critical angle for diamond in air
Shiny diamonds and total internal reflection
Cubic Zirconium Refractive index: 2. 15 to 2. 18 (diamond: 2. 42) Hardness: 8. 5 to 9 (diamond: 10) Ingredients: zirconium oxide, magnesium, calcium (diamond: carbon)
Applications of TIR Fiberoptics
Total internal reflection
Huygen’s Principle Every point of a wave front may be considered the source of secondary wavelets that spread out in all directions with a speed equal to the speed of wave. The final wave is the sum of all these secondary wavelets.
Deriving Snell’s Law of Refraction
Principle of Least Time Light always travels between two points in the path that takes the least amount of time.
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- Phenomena related to refraction