Chapter 24 The Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras Mesozoic

Chapter 24 The Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras

Mesozoic Era Cover Jacks Three

Triassic Environment n Rocky Mountains begin Present-day _______ to form

Jurassic Environment Atlantic -modern ____ Ocean opening and Tethys Sea closing -______ Shallow seas cover much of North America -Gulf of Mexico forms -terrane collisions along west _____ coast

Triassic and Jurassic Life cycads ____ – seed plants without flowers Conifers Ferns

Ginko biloba – ______ present day species leaf nearly identical to Mesozoic ancestor

Cretaceous Life n n angiosperms (flowering plants) First _______ insects Coevolution of pollinating _____

Cretaceous Environment n n temperature Steady drop in global _______ seas Widespread continental _____ Warm, moist climate _______ oil deposits form Gulf coast _____

______ Chicxlub Crater 65 million years ago -___ meteorite -_______ impact 10 k diameter -massive volcanism -both created ____ iridium rich rock found worldwide at Cretaceous -Paleogene boundary -______ radiation; ultraviolet warming; greenhouse already stressed ecosystem -79% marine; 15% land species ______ extinct

Queens Two (Neogene and Paleogene are often grouped together as Tertiary _____ Period)

Paleocene Environment -Tethys Sea closes -before ____ Africa collided with _____ the Eurasia. Sea Tethys separated them

Eocene Life Green River -_______ Formation, Wyoming -large basins formed adjacent Rocky to ____ Mts and filled with river sediments -produced large deposits of lowcoal sulfur ______ -enormous gas and oil deposits formed in Middle East

Oligocene Environment -Badlands of South Dakota -golden age of mammals ____

Oligocence and Miocene Epochs Basin and ______ Range _____Province in Nevada, Utah, and Mexico Fault block -______ mountains form from tensional forces in southwest US

Pliocene and Pleistocene Epochs Woolly mammoth -_______, ________, dire wolf ______cat sabre-toothed evolved ability to survive cold -series of major ice ages in the _______ Pleistocene -hominids appear 4 to 5 mya ____ -modern humans. 3 appear _____ mya

Holocene Epoch n n n Great Lakes form glaciers Last continental _____ retreat from United States Faulting in Basin and Range Province ______ activity in Cascades and Volcanic Yellowstone San Andreas Fault movement

Holocene Epoch (continued) n n fossil fuels Burning of ______ and removal of large _____ increases carbon forests dioxide levels and global temperature three degrees C since 1880 overpopulation Human ________ begins to deplete food sources, mineral and fossil fuel resources, and decrease biodiversity

Evolution How are these animals similar and how are they different? What causes them to evolve? environmental change