Chapter 23 World War I Section Notes The

Chapter 23 – World War I Section Notes The Road to War Americans Prepare for War Americans in World War I Establishing Peace History Close-up Trench Warfare Quick Facts Key Goals of the Fourteen Points Causes and Effects of World War I Chapter 23 Visual Summary Video The Impact of Modern Warfare Maps World War I, 1914 -1918 Europe After World War I Images An End to Peace Primary Source: Sinking of the Lusitania Red Cross Volunteers Patriotic Poster World War I U. S. Soldier World War I Deaths

The Road to War The Big Idea In 1914 tensions in Europe exploded into the deadliest war the world had ever seen. Main Ideas • Many factors contributed to the outbreak of World War I. • European nations suffered massive casualties in the war’s early battles.

Roots of War http: //player. discoveryeducation. com/i ndex. cfm? guid. Asset. Id=4 edf 3 f 66 -c 73 b 4 ada-a 4 a 88 eb 0658 da 307&bln. From. Search=1&pro ductcode=HUB

Main Idea 1: Many factors contributed to the outbreak of World War I. Nationalism • Nationalism, a strong sense of pride and loyalty to one’s nation or culture, created tension between nations. • Austria-Hungary included people from many cultural groups. • Slavic nationalists wanted to break away from Austria-Hungary and join the independent Slavic country of Serbia.

Main Idea 1: Many factors contributed to the outbreak of World War I. Imperialism • Nations competed for control of territories both in Europe and overseas. • Germany took the Alsace-Lorraine region from France in 1871, and France wanted it back.

Main Idea 1: Many factors contributed to the outbreak of World War I. Militarism • Nations focused resources on militarism, the aggressive strengthening of armed forces. • Raced to build armies and navies • Made alliances to protect themselves

• Triple Entente- France, Britain and Russia.

• Triple Alliance- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.

The Spark • Feelings of fear and distrust grew among European powers in the early 1900 s. • In 1908 Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia, Serbia and Herzegovina. – Slavic nationalists resisted violently; wanted to be a part of Serbia

The Spark • June 28, 1914: Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria. Hungary was assassinated in Sarajevo. – Killed by a Serb nationalist, Gavrilo Princip • Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia • Nations began to mobilize, or prepare their militaries, for war.

Gavrilo Princip being arrested after the assassination.

Austria-Hungry declares war against Serbia • http: //player. discoveryeducation. co m/index. cfm? guid. Asset. Id=cb 38 f 6 bcc 8 df-422 f-932419872 a 4 a 0 a 23&bln. From. Search=1&p roductcode=HUB

Pulled into the Fighting Allied Powers • Russia, an ally of Serbia • France, an ally of Russia • Belgium, brought into the fighting because Germany marched through it to get to France • Great Britain, an ally of Belgium

Pulled into the Fighting Central Powers • Austria-Hungary • Germany, an ally of Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire

Main Idea 2: European nations suffered massive casualties in the war’s early battles. • The French army blocked the German advance at the Marne River, east of Paris, in September 1914. – The First Battle of Marne marked the first major battle of the war. – French and German forces faced each other along a long battle line known as the western front.

Main Idea 2: European nations suffered massive casualties in the war’s early battles. - Western Front stretched from North Sea to Switzerland.

Main Idea 2: European nations suffered massive casualties in the war’s early battles. • Russian and German armies struggled back and forth on the eastern front. • The war became a stalemate– a situation in which neither side can win a decisive victory. • Clear that this war would be longer than expected.

Technology of War • Land Trench warfare, defending a position by fighting from the protection of deep ditches, helped make the war long and deadly. – Cold, wet, and muddy – Disease ran rampant

Technology of War Land • New technologies made land warfare even more deadly – Machine guns (400 -600 bullets a minute) – Poison gases (destroy lungs, causing slow painful death) – Tanks

Technology of War • Airplanes used in large-scale battle for the first time Air – Fired down on soldiers in the trenches – Gathered information on enemy locations – Battled each other in the air in “dogfights”

Trenches, Weapons and Death • http: //player. discoveryeducation. co m/index. cfm? guid. Asset. Id=cb 38 f 6 bcc 8 df-422 f-932419872 a 4 a 0 a 23&bln. From. Search=1&p roductcode=HUB

Technology of War Sea • • • Fighting in the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea Used Naval blockades and mines to block supply lines U-boats, German submarines, launched torpedoes against Allied supply ships.

U Boat Blockade • http: //player. discoveryeducation. co m/index. cfm? guid. Asset. Id=cb 38 f 6 bcc 8 df-422 f-932419872 a 4 a 0 a 23&bln. From. Search=1&p roductcode=HUB

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