Chapter 22 Protist Kingdom I Characteristics of Protists

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Chapter 22 Protist Kingdom

Chapter 22 Protist Kingdom

I. Characteristics of Protists b Eukaryotes b unicellular b 3 Main groups of protists;

I. Characteristics of Protists b Eukaryotes b unicellular b 3 Main groups of protists; • Protozoans • algae • fungus-like

3 Groups of Protists:

3 Groups of Protists:

1. Protozoans Animal like protists

1. Protozoans Animal like protists

Protozoans - Animal like b Grouped • • by movement pseudopods cilia flagella parastites

Protozoans - Animal like b Grouped • • by movement pseudopods cilia flagella parastites - no movement

Protozoan Characteristics b No cell wall b Free-living or parasitic b Consumers b Habitat

Protozoan Characteristics b No cell wall b Free-living or parasitic b Consumers b Habitat – aquatic (ponds, lakes, oceans) b Examples: amoeba, paramecium, dinoflagellates

Example 1: Protozoans - amoebas b Amoebas • shapeless, aquatic b

Example 1: Protozoans - amoebas b Amoebas • shapeless, aquatic b

Pseudopods in Amoebas

Pseudopods in Amoebas

How Amoebas Eat ? • feeding structures– – – food vacuole digestive enzymes diffusion

How Amoebas Eat ? • feeding structures– – – food vacuole digestive enzymes diffusion

Getting Rid of Waste b Contracting vacole – collect excess water from inside the

Getting Rid of Waste b Contracting vacole – collect excess water from inside the cell and gets rid of it.

Reproduction of Amoeba • asexual reproduction – Binary fission

Reproduction of Amoeba • asexual reproduction – Binary fission

Dysentery (an illness) b Inflammation of the large intestine b Diarreha and vomiting b

Dysentery (an illness) b Inflammation of the large intestine b Diarreha and vomiting b Caused by an amoeba

2. Example 2: Protozoans: Ciliates b Locomotion - Cilia b 1. Paracmecium - fresh

2. Example 2: Protozoans: Ciliates b Locomotion - Cilia b 1. Paracmecium - fresh water ciliate •

How do Paramecium eat? b Feed on bacteria • Food enters oral groove, •

How do Paramecium eat? b Feed on bacteria • Food enters oral groove, • moves to the food vacoule, • anal pore

Paramecium Reproduction b Asexual- create identical organisms b Conjucation - sexual reproduction • exchange

Paramecium Reproduction b Asexual- create identical organisms b Conjucation - sexual reproduction • exchange of genetic information • Not identical - adds diversity

3. Example 3: Protozoans Flagellates b Locomotion - flagella b Exmaples: use 2. Trypanosoma

3. Example 3: Protozoans Flagellates b Locomotion - flagella b Exmaples: use 2. Trypanosoma - causes African Sleeping Sickness • spread by tsetse fly b

4. Example 4: Protozoan sporozoans b Locomotion - parasitic b reproduction • spores b

4. Example 4: Protozoan sporozoans b Locomotion - parasitic b reproduction • spores b Plasmodium Malaria - Causes • Spread by mosquito • Quinine – drug used to treat malaria

Vorticella b Attaches to and spins its cilia to create a vortex (water movement”

Vorticella b Attaches to and spins its cilia to create a vortex (water movement”

Stentor

Stentor

2. Euglena – 2 nd group in protist b Both plant-like and animal-like

2. Euglena – 2 nd group in protist b Both plant-like and animal-like

Euglenoids b - contain chlorophyll b - move by flagella b - Euglena (unique)-

Euglenoids b - contain chlorophyll b - move by flagella b - Euglena (unique)- • eyespot, • chloroplast, • flagellum

Algae Plant like protists

Algae Plant like protists

B. Algae - plant-like b Photosynthetic b Multi-cellular and unicellular b Classified by pigments

B. Algae - plant-like b Photosynthetic b Multi-cellular and unicellular b Classified by pigments (Types of Algae) • • red brown Green+ Examples; Volvox, diatoms, spirogyra

1. Diatoms b - float in water b - photosynthesis b - unicellular b

1. Diatoms b - float in water b - photosynthesis b - unicellular b - silica shells b Commercial value: Insulating materials, Abrasives , Ceramics, Filtering

2. Dinoflagellates b - move by two flagella b - autotrophs b - green

2. Dinoflagellates b - move by two flagella b - autotrophs b - green glow and red tides

3. Green Algae (Lab 37) b Most freshwater Food Source – called Plankton b

3. Green Algae (Lab 37) b Most freshwater Food Source – called Plankton b Some are: b • • • Free-living Colony filament

Free-Floating -

Free-Floating -

- Filament type – exist as a thread

- Filament type – exist as a thread

Colony -

Colony -

Label and Draw b Ulothrix b Zygnema b Spirogyra b Hydrodictyon b Peridinium b

Label and Draw b Ulothrix b Zygnema b Spirogyra b Hydrodictyon b Peridinium b chlamydomonas

Red and Brown Algae b All multicellular b Marine b Kelp – a form

Red and Brown Algae b All multicellular b Marine b Kelp – a form of brown algae b Red algae – used in food.

Fungus Protists

Fungus Protists

Slime Molds b - plasmodium- visible slime mass - moves b - no cell

Slime Molds b - plasmodium- visible slime mass - moves b - no cell membrane b - many nuclei b - grow on damp organic matter - decompose b - form a stalk, release spores b - Reproduce - asexual reproduction, making spores b

Fungus Like Protists b Classified by how they reproduce • slime molds • mold

Fungus Like Protists b Classified by how they reproduce • slime molds • mold and mildew - disease causing

Mildew and Water Molds b - fuzzy growths b - found on bathroom tiles

Mildew and Water Molds b - fuzzy growths b - found on bathroom tiles b - live off of dead material b - potato famine- 2 million people died in b Ireland - caused immigration to the United States

Protist Diversity Examples Groups of : Protozoans Algae Funguslike Characteristic Motility s habitat

Protist Diversity Examples Groups of : Protozoans Algae Funguslike Characteristic Motility s habitat

Origins and Importance of Protists b Green algae b Importance of : • •

Origins and Importance of Protists b Green algae b Importance of : • • green algae - oxygen source food source – plankton – zooplankton – phytoplankton