CHAPTER 21 Nuclear chemistry Nuclear Decay Why nuclides

  • Slides: 14
Download presentation
CHAPTER 21 Nuclear chemistry

CHAPTER 21 Nuclear chemistry

Nuclear Decay ª Why nuclides decay… w need stable ratio of neutrons to protons

Nuclear Decay ª Why nuclides decay… w need stable ratio of neutrons to protons

Types of Radiation ª Alpha particle ( ) w helium nucleus ª Beta particle

Types of Radiation ª Alpha particle ( ) w helium nucleus ª Beta particle ( -) w electron ª Positron ( +) w positron ª Gamma ( ) w high-energy photon 2+ 1 - paper lead 1+ 0 concrete

Half-life ª Half-life (t½) w Time required for half the atoms of a radioactive

Half-life ª Half-life (t½) w Time required for half the atoms of a radioactive nuclide to decay. w Shorter half-life = less stable.

Half-life mf: final mass mi: initial mass n: # of half-lives

Half-life mf: final mass mi: initial mass n: # of half-lives

Half-life ª Fluorine-21 has a half-life of 5. 0 seconds. If you start with

Half-life ª Fluorine-21 has a half-life of 5. 0 seconds. If you start with 25 g of fluorine-21, how many grams would remain after 60. 0 s? GIVEN: WORK: t½ = 5. 0 s mf = mi (½)n mi = 25 g mf = (25 g)(0. 5)12 mf = ? mf = 0. 0061 g total time = 60. 0 s n = 60. 0 s ÷ 5. 0 s =12 C. Johannesson

Nuclear Decay ª Alpha Emission parent nuclide daughter nuclide alpha particle Numbers must balance!!

Nuclear Decay ª Alpha Emission parent nuclide daughter nuclide alpha particle Numbers must balance!!

Nuclear Decay ª Beta Emission ª Positron Emission electron positron

Nuclear Decay ª Beta Emission ª Positron Emission electron positron

Nuclear Decay ª Electron Capture electron ª Gamma Emission w Usually follows other types

Nuclear Decay ª Electron Capture electron ª Gamma Emission w Usually follows other types of decay. ª Transmutation w One element becomes another.

A. Mass Defect ª Difference between the mass of an atom and the mass

A. Mass Defect ª Difference between the mass of an atom and the mass of its individual particles. 4. 00260 amu 4. 03298 amu

B. Nuclear Binding Energy ª Energy released when a nucleus is formed from nucleons.

B. Nuclear Binding Energy ª Energy released when a nucleus is formed from nucleons. ª High binding energy = stable nucleus. E= 2 mc E: energy (J) m: mass defect (kg) c: speed of light (3. 00× 108 m/s)

B. Nuclear Binding Energy Unstable nuclides are radioactive and undergo radioactive decay.

B. Nuclear Binding Energy Unstable nuclides are radioactive and undergo radioactive decay.

II. Radioactive Decay

II. Radioactive Decay

NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear chemistryNUCLEAR CHEMISTRY Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear chemistry
Ch 10 Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear Decay During nuclearCh 10 Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear Decay During nuclear
NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY RADIOACTIVE DECAY Lecture 1 Nuclear ChemistryNUCLEAR CHEMISTRY RADIOACTIVE DECAY Lecture 1 Nuclear Chemistry
Nuclear chemistry Nucleus decay Nuclear chemistry How doNuclear chemistry Nucleus decay Nuclear chemistry How do
Nuclear Chemistry Decay Particles Decay Reactions RealLife ExamplesNuclear Chemistry Decay Particles Decay Reactions RealLife Examples
Nuclear Chemistry Decay Particles Decay Reactions RealLife ExamplesNuclear Chemistry Decay Particles Decay Reactions RealLife Examples
Lesson 7 Alpha Decay Alpha decay Decay byLesson 7 Alpha Decay Alpha decay Decay by
Alpha decay Alpha Decay Alpha Decay Energy relationsAlpha decay Alpha Decay Alpha Decay Energy relations
Alpha decay Alpha Decay Alpha Decay Energy relationsAlpha decay Alpha Decay Alpha Decay Energy relations
Chapter 22 Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear NOTChapter 22 Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear NOT
CHAPTER 18 NUCLEAR DECAY Nuclear Chemistry The studyCHAPTER 18 NUCLEAR DECAY Nuclear Chemistry The study
Nuclear Physics Isotopes and Nuclides the jargon httpNuclear Physics Isotopes and Nuclides the jargon http
Nuclear Radioactive Decay ATOMS NUCLEAR INTERACTIONS Nuclear StabilityNuclear Radioactive Decay ATOMS NUCLEAR INTERACTIONS Nuclear Stability