CHAPTER 2 The Nature of Learner Language Andarini

CHAPTER 2 The Nature of Learner Language Andarini Handayani 2201410044 SLA 303 -304 Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

What is learner language? The study of L 2 learner language includes �What types of errors learners make �How their errors show their TL knowledge and ability to use the TL �How L 2 learners develop their interlanguage �What factors influence their interlanguage 2

Investigating L 2 Acquisition Collecting and describing samples of learner language Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

Errors and Error Analysis Should focus on errors, why ? �Conspicuous �Usefull for teachers �Help learners in self-correctness Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

Errors and Error Analysis How? Identifying errors Describing errors Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis Explaining errors Error evaluation

Identifying Error �Easier said than done �Comparison of sentences produced by the learners with the "correct" sentences in the target language �Distinction: error <–> mistake Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

Describing errors � Classification into types – 2 ways: 1. classification into grammatical categories 2. try to identifiy general ways in which the learners utterances differ from target-language utterances - omission -> leaving out items which are required for grammatical correctness - misinformation -> use of one grammatical form instead of another - misordering -> putting words in a wrong order Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

Explaining Errors • systematic errors -> L 2 learners create rules on their own – different to the rules of the target language • universal errors -> L 2 learners commit the same grammatical errors Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

Error Evaluation Purpose: to help learners to learn an L 2. �Global errors �Local errors Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

Developmental Patterns Many of the errors learners make are universal Explore the universality of L 2 acquisition by examining the developmental pattern. Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

The early stages of L 2 acquisition v silent period v formulaic chunks -> use of fix expressions v propositional simplification Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

The order of acquisition �Researcher choose number of grammatical structure to studey. �They do it gradually �It doesn not follow that because learners naturally learns one feature before another they must necessarily do so. Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

Variability in Learner Language Systematic Learners using inpredictable ways. The use of spesific gramatical form to vary according to the linguistic, situatinaland psycholinguistic context. Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

Variability plays an integrative part in the overall pattern of development, with learners moving through a series of stages that reflect different kinds of variability. Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis

Thanks Second Language Acquisition, Rod Ellis