Chapter 2 The Human Body in Health and
Chapter 2 The Human Body in Health and Disease © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Word Parts • • Aden/o Adip/o Anter/o Caud/o Cephal/o Cyt/o Endo © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Word Parts • • Exo Hist/o Ologist Ology Path/o Plasia Poster/o Stasis © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Anatomic Reference Systems • Describe the location and functions of body parts using: – – Body planes Body directions Body cavities Structural units © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Anatomical Position • Standing up straight so that the body is erect & facing forward. • Holding arms at sides with the palms of hands facing forward. © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Body Planes • Imaginary lines used to divide the body into sections. – – Midsagittal Sagittal Frontal/coronal Transverse © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Body Directions • • • Ventral/anterior Dorsal/posterior Superior Inferior Cephalic Caudal Proximal Distal Medial Lateral © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Major Body Cavities • • Dorsal Cranial Spinal Ventral Thoracic Abdominal Pelvic © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Major Body Cavities © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Regions of the Thorax and Abdomen • • • Hypochondriac Epigastric Lumbar Umbilical Iliac hypogastric © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Regions of the Thorax and Abdomen © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Quadrants of the Abdomen • • RUQ LUQ RLQ LLQ © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Quadrants of the Abdomen © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Cytology • The study of the formation, structure, and function of cells, including: – Chromosomes – DNA – Genetics © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Histology • The study of tissues, which are composed of cells that join together to perform specific functions, including: – – Stem Cells Epithelial Tissues Connective Tissues Muscle Tissue © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Glands • Specialized cells that secrete material used elsewhere in the body, including: – Exocrine Glands – Endocrine Glands © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Organ and Body Systems • Body parts are organized into systems according to function. • Examples: – Skeletal System – Muscular System – Cardiovascular System © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Pathology • The study of structural and functional changes caused by disease. © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Disease Transmission • • • Communicable Indirect Bloodborne Airborne food-borne Vector-borne © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Outbreaks of Diseases • • Epidemiologist Endemic Epidemic Pandemic © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Types of Diseases • • • Functional disorder Iatrogenic illness Idiopathic disorder Infectious Nosocomial Organic © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Congenital Disorders • Congenital • Developmental • Atresia © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Aging • Geriatrics/gerontology • gerontologist © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Career Opportunities • • Medical Assistant MNA/CNA RN LPN NP PA Medical Translator © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Student Workbook Learning Exercises Answer Key © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Chapter 2 Answers Matching Word Parts 1 2. 1. adip/o 2. 2. anter/o 2. 3. aden/o 2. 4. -ologist 2. 5. -ology © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning Matching Word Parts 2 2. 6. cyt/o 2. 7. cephal/o 2. 8. caud/o 2. 9. exo 2. 10. endo-
Chapter 2 Answers Matching Word Parts 3 2. 11. poster/o 2. 12. -stasis 2. 13. path/o 2. 14. -plasia 2. 15. hist/o © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning Definitions 2. 16. nosocomial infection 2. 17. dominant gene 2. 18. abdominal cavity 2. 19. medial 2. 20. adult stem
Chapter 2 Answers Definitions 2. 21. phenylketonuria 2. 22. adenitis 2. 23. parietal peritoneum 2. 24. gene 2. 25. histology © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning Matching Regions of the Thorax and Abdomen 2. 26. epigastric region 2. 27. umbilicus region 2. 28. hypochondriac region 2. 29. hypogastric region 2. 30. iliac region
Chapter 2 Answers Which Word? 2. 31. inguinal 2. 32. genetics 2. 33. epidemiologist 2. 34. exocrine glands 2. 35. inferior © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning Spelling Counts 2. 36. mesentery 2. 37. hemophilia 2. 38. hypertrophy 2. 39. epithelial 2. 40. anomaly
Chapter 2 Answers Matching Pathology of Tissue Formation 2. 41. dysplasia 2. 42. anaplasia 2. 43. hyperplasia 2. 44. hypoplasia 2. 45. aplasia © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning Term Selection 2. 46. proximal 2. 47. posterior 2. 48. frontal 2. 49. midsagittal 2. 50. distal
Chapter 2 Answers Sentence Completion 2. 51. Down syndrome 2. 52. physiology 2. 53. thoracic 2. 54. iatrogenic 2. 55. chromosomes © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning Word Surgery 2. 56. aden, -ectomy 2. 57. endo-, -crine 2. 58. hist, -ologist 2. 59. retro-, periton, -eal 2. 60. path, -ologist
Chapter 2 Answers Word Surgery 2. 61. eti-, -ology 2. 62. home/o -stasis 2. 63. pan-, dem, -ic 2. 64. epi-, gastr, -ic 2. 65. idi/o, path, -ic © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning Clinical Conditions 2. 66. epidemic 2. 67. functional 2. 68. bloodborne 2. 69. cytology 2. 70. vector-borne
Chapter 2 Answers Clinical Conditions 2. 71. quadrant 2. 72. waterborne 2. 73. pelvic 2. 74. peritonitis 2. 75. geneticist © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning 2. 76. iliac 2. 77. genome 2. 78. adenocarcinoma 2. 79. loose 2. 80. fetal alcohol syndrome
Chapter 2 Answers Challenge Word Building 2. 81. myoplasty 2. 82. myalgia 2. 83. gastrosis 2. 84. laryngitis 2. 85. myectomy © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning 2. 86. gastralgia 2. 87. laryngectomy 2. 88. nephrosis 2. 89. neuroplasty 2. 90. nephritis
Chapter 2 Answers Labeling Exercises 2. 91. hypochondriac 2. 92. umbilical 2. 93. hypogastric 2. 94. lumbar 2. 95. iliac © 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning 2. 96. midsagittal 2. 97. anterior 2. 98. lateral 2. 99. posterior 2. 100. frontal
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