Chapter 2 Semiconductor Power Switches Introduction to Modern

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Chapter 2 Semiconductor Power Switches “Introduction to Modern Power Electronics”, 2 nd Ed. ,

Chapter 2 Semiconductor Power Switches “Introduction to Modern Power Electronics”, 2 nd Ed. , John Wiley 2010 by Andrzej M. Trzynadlowski 1

Waveforms of voltage, current, and power loss in a semiconductor power switch Fig. 2.

Waveforms of voltage, current, and power loss in a semiconductor power switch Fig. 2. 1 Chapter 2 2

Power diode: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 2 Chapter 2 3

Power diode: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 2 Chapter 2 3

Static voltage-current characteristic of the power diode Fig. 2. 3 Chapter 2 4

Static voltage-current characteristic of the power diode Fig. 2. 3 Chapter 2 4

Voltage and current waveforms during the reverse recovery period in a power diode Fig.

Voltage and current waveforms during the reverse recovery period in a power diode Fig. 2. 4 Chapter 2 5

Chapter 2 6

Chapter 2 6

SCR: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 5 Chapter 2 7

SCR: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 5 Chapter 2 7

Static voltage-current characteristic of the SCR Fig. 2. 6 Chapter 2 8

Static voltage-current characteristic of the SCR Fig. 2. 6 Chapter 2 8

SCR gate voltage signals: (a) single pulse, (b) multipulse Fig. 2. 7 Chapter 2

SCR gate voltage signals: (a) single pulse, (b) multipulse Fig. 2. 7 Chapter 2 9

Anode voltage and current waveforms during forced commutation of the SCR Fig. 2. 8

Anode voltage and current waveforms during forced commutation of the SCR Fig. 2. 8 Chapter 2 10

Chapter 2 11

Chapter 2 11

Triac: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 9 Chapter 2 12

Triac: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 9 Chapter 2 12

GTO: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 10 Chapter 2 13

GTO: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 10 Chapter 2 13

Circuit symbol of the IGCT Fig. 2. 11 Chapter 2 14

Circuit symbol of the IGCT Fig. 2. 11 Chapter 2 14

Chapter 2 15

Chapter 2 15

BJT: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 12 Chapter 2 16

BJT: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 12 Chapter 2 16

Static voltage-current characteristic of the BJT Fig. 2. 13 Chapter 2 17

Static voltage-current characteristic of the BJT Fig. 2. 13 Chapter 2 17

Base current and collector current waveforms for turn-on and turn-off of a BJT Fig.

Base current and collector current waveforms for turn-on and turn-off of a BJT Fig. 2. 14 Chapter 2 18

BJT Darlington connections: (a) two-transistor, (b) three-transistor Fig. 2. 15 Chapter 2 19

BJT Darlington connections: (a) two-transistor, (b) three-transistor Fig. 2. 15 Chapter 2 19

Power MOSFET: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 16 Chapter 2 20

Power MOSFET: (a) semiconductor structure, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 16 Chapter 2 20

Voltage-current MOSFET characteristics of power Fig. 2. 17 Chapter 2 21

Voltage-current MOSFET characteristics of power Fig. 2. 17 Chapter 2 21

Chapter 2 22

Chapter 2 22

IGBT: (a) equivalent circuit, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 18 Chapter 2 23

IGBT: (a) equivalent circuit, (b) circuit symbol Fig. 2. 18 Chapter 2 23

Voltage-current characteristics of IGBT Fig. 2. 19 Chapter 2 24

Voltage-current characteristics of IGBT Fig. 2. 19 Chapter 2 24

Chapter 2 25

Chapter 2 25

Safe operating area for a power MOSFET Fig. 2. 20 Chapter 2 26

Safe operating area for a power MOSFET Fig. 2. 20 Chapter 2 26

Chapter 2 27

Chapter 2 27

Example diode and SCR modules Fig. 2. 21 Chapter 2 28

Example diode and SCR modules Fig. 2. 21 Chapter 2 28

Example power BJT (Darlington) modules Fig. 2. 22 Chapter 2 29

Example power BJT (Darlington) modules Fig. 2. 22 Chapter 2 29

Example power MOSFET modules Fig. 2. 23 Chapter 2 30

Example power MOSFET modules Fig. 2. 23 Chapter 2 30

IGBT-based modular frequency changer Fig. 2. 24 Chapter 2 31

IGBT-based modular frequency changer Fig. 2. 24 Chapter 2 31