Chapter 2 Section 1 Warm Up Describe how

Chapter 2, Section 1 Warm. Up Describe how each hominid we have studied (Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and finally, Homo sapien) used tools. What kind of tools did each use? What do you think they used them for?

Key Vocabulary Words • Prehistory- The time before there was writing • Hominid- an early ancestor of humans; walked upright • Ancestor- a relative who lived in the past

Key Vocabulary Words • Descendants - people born later • Tool- any handheld object that has been modified to help a person accomplish a task • Paleolithic Era- first part of the stone age that lasted until about 10, 000 B. C.

Key Vocabulary Words • Society- a community of people who share a common culture • Hunter-gatherers- people who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive

Important Places • The Great Rift Valley (East Africa)

• Olduvai Gorge (In the Great Rift Valley)

Man’s Early Ancestors • • Australopithecus 4 to 5 million Y. A. Homo habilis 2. 4 million Y. A. Homo erectus 2 to 1. 5 million Y. A. Cro-magnon 200, 000 Y. A

Ardipithecus • • Recently discovered Early hominid Bi-ped “Ardi” skeleton is 4. 4 million years old

Australopithecus • “Southern Ape” • First hominid, meaning it could stand upright • “Lucy” found in 1974, believed to be 3. 2 million years old

Australopithicus

Homo Habilis • “Handy Man” • First hominid to use very simple tools • Was taller and had a larger brain

Homo Erectus • • “Upright man” Controlled fire The first hunters Traveled over land bridges from Africa to begin to populate world about 1 million years ago

Homo Erectus

Homo sapiens • Modern man • Bows and arrows, well constructed huts • Used honey to sweeten food • Cave paintings

Tools • The Stone Age is divided by hominid use of tools at the time • Early tools were sharpened stones • First tools used to process food – Cut, chop, scrape – Called “choppers” • Paleolithic Era is the Old Stone Age – Lasted about 10, 000 years

Tools • Later tools included hand axes from flint • Spears used to hunt large animals • Using spears, deer, bison, horses and mammoths could be caught

Most Important Developments • Language –Makes hunting groups easier –A way to form relationships –A way to resolve issues like the distribution of food –Art and religion