Chapter 2 Section 1 Scientific Method Scientific method

Chapter 2 Section 1 Scientific Method • Scientific method - logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and formulating theories that are supported by data. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Chapter 2 Section 1 Scientific Method Observing and Collecting Data • Observing - use of the senses to obtain information. • data may be • qualitative (descriptive) • quantitative (numerical) • System - specific portion of matter in a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experiment or observation. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Chapter 2 Visual Concepts Qualitative and Quantitative Data Click below to watch the Visual Concept Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Chapter 2 Section 1 Scientific Method Formulating Hypotheses • Hypothesis - generalizations about the data observed, must be testable. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Chapter 2 Section 1 Scientific Method Formulating Hypotheses Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Chapter 2 Section 1 Scientific Method Testing Hypotheses • An experiment must be conducted to test the hypothesis. • Controls - experimental conditions that remain constant. • Variables - experimental conditions that change. • Independent variable – manipulated by scientist • Dependent variable – changes in response to independent variable Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Chapter 2 Section 1 Scientific Method Theorizing • Model - more than just a physical object; it is often an explanation of how phenomena occur and how data or events are related. • visual, verbal, or mathematical • example: atomic model of matter • Theory - broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Chapter 2 Visual Concepts Models Click below to watch the Visual Concept Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Chapter 2 Section 1 Scientific Method Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.