Chapter 2 SECTION 1 ORGANISMS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

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Chapter 2 SECTION 1 ORGANISMS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

Chapter 2 SECTION 1 ORGANISMS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

Ecology is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment. Ecology combines the

Ecology is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment. Ecology combines the science of biology, chemistry, physics, geology and others. Ecology involves the interaction of the biotic and abiotic factors:

Biotic and Abiotic Factors • Biotic factors are all living things that inhabit an

Biotic and Abiotic Factors • Biotic factors are all living things that inhabit an environment • Abiotic factors are all non living things that inhabit an environment.

Biosphere Ecosystems Communities Populations Organisms Biosphere Levels of organization

Biosphere Ecosystems Communities Populations Organisms Biosphere Levels of organization

Levels of Organization • Biosphere – The portion of the Earth that supports life.

Levels of Organization • Biosphere – The portion of the Earth that supports life. • Ecosystem – populations of plants and animals that interact with each other in a given area and with the abiotic components of that area • Communities – All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time • Population – A group of organisms, all of one species, which can interbreed and live in the same place at the same time • Organism – An individual living that is made of cells, uses energy, reproduces, responds, grows and develops

Biotic Factors • Living things are adapted to their environment and impact their community

Biotic Factors • Living things are adapted to their environment and impact their community Abiotic Factors • Changes in abiotic factors can change environment • No rain can lead to drought.

Where and How Organisms Live • Niche - the role a • Habitat -

Where and How Organisms Live • Niche - the role a • Habitat - the species plays in place where an its community organism lives out its life

Survival Relationships • Predator-prey – Predators seek out and eat other organisms • Symbiosis

Survival Relationships • Predator-prey – Predators seek out and eat other organisms • Symbiosis – A relationship in which there is a close and permanent association between organisms of different species. Three type of symbiosis include: Mutualism (+/+) Commensalism (+/0) Parasitism (+/-)

Mutualism • Symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.

Mutualism • Symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.

Commensalism • A symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is neither

Commensalism • A symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is neither harmed or helped.

Parasitism • A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of

Parasitism • A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of the other. Trichinellosis Trichinella spiralis

Survival Relationships • Mutualism – is a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.

Survival Relationships • Mutualism – is a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit. (+/+) • Commensalism – is a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited. (+/0) • Parasitism – is a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is harmed (+/-)

Survival Relationships

Survival Relationships