Chapter 2 Part 2 Combative fond of fighting
Chapter 2 Part 2 • • Combative: fond of fighting Confidant: person entrusted with the secrets of others Stalwart: strong, firm, unyielding Renegade: an outlaw Arduous: difficult, requiring labor Aspiration: a strong wish or ambition Tenacity: the quality of holding tightly to a belief
La. Salle and Tonti • Robert Cavalier, Sieur de La. Salle • Henri de Tonti
La. Salle and Tonti Goals • Establish French Empire in New World • Monopolize the fur trade Early Problems and Setbacks • • Difficulty finding investors Difficulty finding a crew La. Salle not known for getting along with his men Lost the Griffon in a storm
La. Salle and Tonti Accomplishments • Built Ft. Crevecoeur on the Illinois River near Peoria • From 1681 to 1682 explored the Mississippi River valley to the Gulf of Mexico • Claimed all rivers that flowed into it and claimed all the land surrounding the rivers for France and named it Louisiana • Constructed Fort St. Louis near present day Starved Rock State Park
La. Salle’s Death • Sent to Gulf of Mexico to compete with Spanish for power • Given 4 ships and made Governor of all land between Lake Michigan and Gulf of Mexico • One ship was captured by Spanish • Other ships went past mouth of Mississippi into what is now Texas • Built a fort but suffered a crop failure • Last ship ran aground trying to reach Mississippi • Took the 28 remaining healthy men and set out for Fort St. Louis • Eventually killed by his own men
French life in Illinois • Mainly settled in southern Illinois because of Indian attacks in the north • Southern Illinois was a key link between Canada and Gulf of Mexico • Philippe Renault brought slavery to Illinois to work in mines near Fort Chartres • Coming conflict between English and French for shared land claims
French and Indian War King George II of England gave a land grant to the Ohio Company for the Ohio River Valley Why might this cause problems? • La. Salle had claimed all of the rivers that flowed into the Mississippi for France • English had claimed the entire continent previously under John Cabot Conflict triggered French and Indian War (7 Years War in Europe) between England France and each side’s Indian allies • British eventually increase manpower and supplies while the French never received support from their government back in Europe • Treaty of Paris ended the war in 1763 giving the British all land
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