Chapter 2 Overview of Power Semiconductor Devices Copyright

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Chapter 2 Overview of Power Semiconductor Devices Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley &

Chapter 2 Overview of Power Semiconductor Devices Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -1

Diodes • On and off states controlled by the power circuit Copyright © 2003

Diodes • On and off states controlled by the power circuit Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -2

Diode Turn-Off • Fast-recovery diodes have a small reverse-recovery time Copyright © 2003 by

Diode Turn-Off • Fast-recovery diodes have a small reverse-recovery time Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -3

Thyristors • Semi-controlled device • Latches ON by a gate-current pulse if forward biased

Thyristors • Semi-controlled device • Latches ON by a gate-current pulse if forward biased • Turns-off if current tries to reverse Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -4

Thyristor in a Simple Circuit • For successful turn-off, reverse voltage required for an

Thyristor in a Simple Circuit • For successful turn-off, reverse voltage required for an interval greater than the turn-off interval Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -5

Generic Switch Symbol • Idealized switch symbol • When on, current can flow only

Generic Switch Symbol • Idealized switch symbol • When on, current can flow only in the direction of the arrow • Instantaneous switching from one state to the other • Zero voltage drop in on-state • Infinite voltage and current handling capabilities Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -6

Switching Characteristics (linearized) Switching Power Loss is proportional to: • switching frequency • turn-on

Switching Characteristics (linearized) Switching Power Loss is proportional to: • switching frequency • turn-on and turn-off times Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -7

Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) • Used commonly in the past • Now used in

Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) • Used commonly in the past • Now used in specific applications • Replaced by MOSFETs and IGBTs Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -8

Various Configurations of BJTs Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter

Various Configurations of BJTs Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -9

MOSFETs • Easy to control by the gate • Optimal for low-voltage operation at

MOSFETs • Easy to control by the gate • Optimal for low-voltage operation at high switching frequencies • On-state resistance a concern at higher voltage ratings Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -10

Gate-Turn-Off Thyristors (GTO) • Slow switching speeds • Used at very high power levels

Gate-Turn-Off Thyristors (GTO) • Slow switching speeds • Used at very high power levels • Require elaborate gate control circuitry Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -11

GTO Turn-Off • Need a turn-off snubber Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley &

GTO Turn-Off • Need a turn-off snubber Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -12

IGBT Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor

IGBT Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -13

MCT Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor

MCT Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -14

Comparison of Controllable Switches Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter

Comparison of Controllable Switches Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -15

Summary of Device Capabilities Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter

Summary of Device Capabilities Copyright © 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2 Power Semiconductor Switches: An Overview 2 -16

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