Chapter 2 Objectives v Identify the body cavities
Chapter 2 Objectives v Identify the body cavities and recognize the organs contained within those cavities. v Locate and identify the anatomical and clinical divisions of the abdomen. v Locate back. and name the anatomical divisions of the
Terms Pertaining to the Body as a Whole Chapter 2 Pages 33 – 74
Page 34 Structural Organization of the Body v Cells – smallest living unit v Tissues – group of similar cells working together v Organs – different types of tissues working together v Systems – groups of organs working together
Page 34 Major Parts of Cells v Chromosomes v Nucleus v Cell membrane v Cytoplasm v Mitochondria v Endoplasmic v Ribosomes reticulum
Page 35 – 37 Similarity in Cells v Gene v DNA v Karyotype v Metabolism • Catabolism • Anabolism
Page 38 Differences in Cells v Cells are specialized to carry out their individual functions. • muscle cell • epithelial cell • nerve cell • fat cell
Pages 38 – 39 Tissues v The different types: • Epithelial tissue • Connective tissue • Muscle tissue • Nerve tissue
Page 40 Systems v Digestive v Musculoskeletal v Urinary v Skin or Excretory v Reproductive & Male v Nervous v Circulatory v Respiratory – Female and Sense organs v Endocrine
Page 40 Body Cavities Cranial – Brain, pituitary gland v Spinal – Nerves of the spinal cord v Thoracic – Lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, bronchial tubes, thymus gland, major blood vessels v Abdominal – stomach, small/large intestines, spleen, pancreas, liver, gallbladder v Pelvic – small/larges intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, urethra, & ureters v
Page 48 Abdominopelvic Regions Right hypochondriac region Left hypochondriac region Epigastric region Left lumbar region Right inguinal region Umbilical region Left inguinal region Hypogastric region
Page 49 Abdominopelvic Quadrants
Page 50 – 51 Divisions of the Back (Spinal Column) v Each bone is a vertebra (plural: vertebrae) Cervical • Cervical – C 1 -C 7 • Thoracic – T 1 -T 12 • Lumbar – L 1 -L 5 • Sacral – S 1 -S 5 Lumbar • Coccygeal Sacral Thoracic Coccygeal
Page 52 Positional & Directional v Anterior v Inferior (ventral) vs Posterior (dorsal) v Deep vs Superficial v Proximal vs vs Superior v Medial vs Superior Posterior (dorsal) Lateral v Supine Prone vs Anterior (ventral) Deep Superficial Proximal Lateral Medial Distal Supine Distal Inferior Prone
Page 52 Planes of the Body v Frontal (coronal) v Sagittal (lateral) vrs. Midsagittal v Transverse (crosssectional or axial) Frontal (coronal) Sagittal (lateral) Transverse (axial)
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