Chapter 2 Matter and Change Anything in black
Chapter 2 Matter and Change Anything in black letters = write it in your notes (‘knowts’)
2. 1 – Properties of Matter Mass - Measure of inertia. Inertia - Resistance to change in motion. Which of these has more inertia? Volume - amount of space occupied by an object
Extensive Property depends on the amount of material in the sample Intensive Property does NOT depend on the amount of material but the type of material Which of these are intensive properties? mass volume boiling point melting point length atomic mass density temperature
Physical Properties Describes a material without changing its identity. Which of these are physical properties? hardness flammable boiling point conductivity malleability dense color reacts with light
States of Matter Solid Particles are packed closely together; definite shape and volume
Liquid Particles are close but are free to flow past one another; shape depends on container; incompressible
Gas Particles are far apart and move freely; shape and volume depend on container; can be compressed
Physical Change A change that does NOT change the identity of the material The melting point of gallium metal is 30˚C. The figure shows how the heat from a person’s hand can melt a sample of gallium.
Phase Changes sublime melt evaporate freeze condense deposit
2. 2 – Mixtures Mixture - physical blend of 2 or more things Homogeneous – same composition throughout, uniformly mixed; solutions Heterogeneous – variable composition, nonuniformly mixed; contains more than 1 phase.
Olive oil Homogeneous Vinegar Homogeneous Oil & Vinegar Heterogeneous (2 phases)
Separating Mixtures Filtration – separates a solid from a liquid. Liquid that passes through the filter paper
Distillation – separates a mixture into parts based on the boiling points of each part.
ASSIGN: Read 2. 2 & Answer Lesson Check #12 -19
2. 3 – Elements and Compounds Element – fundamental building block of matter; made of atoms. Each element has a chemical symbol. 1 st - Capital letter 2 nd - Lowercase
Compound – 2 or more atoms chemically bonded in a fixed proportion. Has a chemical formula. Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances, but elements cannot. Subscripts Chemical Formula
Chemical Change change in chemical identity; requires a chemical reaction. The layer of sugar is heated until it breaks down into solid carbon and water vapor.
The properties of compounds are different from the elements that form them. + Sodium (Na) Metal so reactive it reacts with water Chlorine (Cl 2) Toxic gas used in WWI for chemical warfare Salt (Na. Cl) Metal so reactive it reacts with water 2 poisonous substances react to form a completely benign compound that is necessary for us to live.
Element, Compound, or Mixture? (Figure 2. 11)
Periodic Table 7 Periods (Rows) 18 Columns (Groups or Families) Elements in each column have similar chemical properties
ASSIGN: Read 2. 3 & Answer Lesson Check #22 -31 (p. 47)
2. 4 – Chemical Reactions Chemical changes are also known as chemical reactions. Reactant(s) Product(s)
2. 4 – Chemical Reactions Chemical changes are also known as chemical reactions. Reactant(s) Product(s)
Clues that a reaction has happened 1. Transfer of Energy
Clues that a reaction has happened 2. Color Change
Clues that a reaction has happened 3. Gas Production
Clues that a reaction has happened 4. Precipitate Formation
Law of Conservation of Mass In any chemical reaction, reactant mass = product mass
ASSIGN: Read 2. 4 & Answer Lesson Check #32 -38 (p. 50)
- Slides: 30