Chapter 2 Lesson 2 2 Positional and Directional

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Chapter 2 Lesson 2. 2 Positional and Directional Terms Anterior (ventral) Posterior (dorsal) Deep

Chapter 2 Lesson 2. 2 Positional and Directional Terms Anterior (ventral) Posterior (dorsal) Deep Superficial Proximal Distal Inferior Superior Planes of the Body Frontal (coronal) Sagittal (lateral) Transverse (cross-sectional or axial) Medial Lateal Supine prone Journal question: How could you use a system of location similar to north/south and east/west to describe location on a patient's body? Why is this important? Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1

Chapter Goals Become acquainted with terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the

Chapter Goals Become acquainted with terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Identify the meanings for new word elements and use them to understand medical terms. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2

Anatomical Divisions of the Back Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Coccygeal Copyright © 2011, 2008,

Anatomical Divisions of the Back Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Coccygeal Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 3

Anatomical Divisions of the Back (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an

Anatomical Divisions of the Back (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4

Anatomical Divisions of the Back (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an

Anatomical Divisions of the Back (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 5

QUICK QUIZ: 3. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the central region

QUICK QUIZ: 3. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the central region near the navel. A. inguinal B. umbilical C. lumbar D. hypochondriac Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 6

QUICK QUIZ: 3. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the central region

QUICK QUIZ: 3. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the central region near the navel. A. inguinal B. umbilical C. lumbar D. hypochondriac Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 7

QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) 4. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the lower

QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) 4. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the lower middle below the umbilical region. A. inguinal B. epigastric C. lumbar D. hypogastric Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 8

QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) 4. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the lower

QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) 4. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the lower middle below the umbilical region. A. inguinal B. epigastric C. lumbar D. hypogastric Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 9

Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body Positional and Directional Terms Ø Ø Ø

Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body Positional and Directional Terms Ø Ø Ø Ø Anterior (ventral) Posterior (dorsal) Deep Superficial Proximal Distal Inferior Superior Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 10

Positional and Directional Terms Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of

Positional and Directional Terms Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 11

Positional and Directional Terms (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint

Positional and Directional Terms (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 12

Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body Positional and Directional Terms (cont’d) Medial Ø

Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body Positional and Directional Terms (cont’d) Medial Ø Lateral Ø Supine Ø Prone Ø Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 13

Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body (cont'd) Planes of the Body Frontal (coronal)

Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body (cont'd) Planes of the Body Frontal (coronal) Ø Sagittal (lateral) Ø Transverse (cross-sectional or axial) Ø Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 14

Positional and Directional Terms Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of

Positional and Directional Terms Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 15

Positional and Directional Terms (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint

Positional and Directional Terms (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 16

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning abdomin/o abdomen Planes of

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning abdomin/o abdomen Planes of the Body Frontal (coronal) Ø Sagittal (lateral) Ø Transverse (cross-sectional or axial) Ø Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 17

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning cervic/o neck (of

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning cervic/o neck (of the body or uterus) chondr/o cartilage chrom/o color coccyg/o coccyx (tailbone) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 18

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning crani/o skull cyt/o

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning crani/o skull cyt/o cell dist/o far, distant dors/o back portion of the body Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 19

Combining Forms, Suffixes and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning hist/o tissue ili/o

Combining Forms, Suffixes and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning hist/o tissue ili/o ilium (of the pelvic bone) inguin/o groin kary/o nucleus Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 20

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning later/o side lumb/o

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning later/o side lumb/o lower back medi/o middle nucle/o nucleus Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 21

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning pelv/i pelvis poster/o

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning pelv/i pelvis poster/o back, behind proxim/o nearest sacr/o sacrum Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 22

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning sarc/o flesh spin/o

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning sarc/o flesh spin/o spine, backbone thel/o nipple thorac/o chest trache/o trachea, windpipe Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 23

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning umbilic/o navel, umbilicus

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning umbilic/o navel, umbilicus ventr/o belly side of the body vertebro vertebra(e), backbone(s) viscer/o internal organs Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 24

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) PREFIXES Combining Form. Meaning ana- up cata- down

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) PREFIXES Combining Form. Meaning ana- up cata- down epi- above hypo- below inter- between meta- change Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 25

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -eal -iac -ior -ism -ose

Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -eal -iac -ior -ism -ose -plasm -somes -type pertaining to process, condition pertaining to, full of formation bodies picture, classification Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 26

QUICK QUIZ: 5. Which term means process of cutting the skull? A. thoracotomy B.

QUICK QUIZ: 5. Which term means process of cutting the skull? A. thoracotomy B. craniotomy C. diskectomy D. arthroscopy Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 27

QUICK QUIZ: 5. Which term means process of cutting the skull? A. thoracotomy B.

QUICK QUIZ: 5. Which term means process of cutting the skull? A. thoracotomy B. craniotomy C. diskectomy D. arthroscopy Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 28

Pronunciation Guide Review ā as in āpe ē as in ēven ī as in

Pronunciation Guide Review ā as in āpe ē as in ēven ī as in īce ō as in ōpen ū as in ūnit ă as in ăpple ĕ as in ĕvery ĭ as in ĭnterest ŏ as in pŏt ŭ as in ŭnder Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 29

Pronunciation Examples: adipose caudal distal trachea ĂD-ĭ-pōs KAWD- ăl DĬS-tăl TRĀ-kē-ă Copyright © 2011,

Pronunciation Examples: adipose caudal distal trachea ĂD-ĭ-pōs KAWD- ăl DĬS-tăl TRĀ-kē-ă Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 30