Chapter 2 Lesson 2 2 Positional and Directional
- Slides: 30
Chapter 2 Lesson 2. 2 Positional and Directional Terms Anterior (ventral) Posterior (dorsal) Deep Superficial Proximal Distal Inferior Superior Planes of the Body Frontal (coronal) Sagittal (lateral) Transverse (cross-sectional or axial) Medial Lateal Supine prone Journal question: How could you use a system of location similar to north/south and east/west to describe location on a patient's body? Why is this important? Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1
Chapter Goals Become acquainted with terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Identify the meanings for new word elements and use them to understand medical terms. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2
Anatomical Divisions of the Back Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Coccygeal Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 3
Anatomical Divisions of the Back (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4
Anatomical Divisions of the Back (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 5
QUICK QUIZ: 3. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the central region near the navel. A. inguinal B. umbilical C. lumbar D. hypochondriac Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 6
QUICK QUIZ: 3. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the central region near the navel. A. inguinal B. umbilical C. lumbar D. hypochondriac Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 7
QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) 4. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the lower middle below the umbilical region. A. inguinal B. epigastric C. lumbar D. hypogastric Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 8
QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) 4. Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the lower middle below the umbilical region. A. inguinal B. epigastric C. lumbar D. hypogastric Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 9
Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body Positional and Directional Terms Ø Ø Ø Ø Anterior (ventral) Posterior (dorsal) Deep Superficial Proximal Distal Inferior Superior Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 10
Positional and Directional Terms Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 11
Positional and Directional Terms (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 12
Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body Positional and Directional Terms (cont’d) Medial Ø Lateral Ø Supine Ø Prone Ø Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 13
Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body (cont'd) Planes of the Body Frontal (coronal) Ø Sagittal (lateral) Ø Transverse (cross-sectional or axial) Ø Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 14
Positional and Directional Terms Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 15
Positional and Directional Terms (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 16
Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning abdomin/o abdomen Planes of the Body Frontal (coronal) Ø Sagittal (lateral) Ø Transverse (cross-sectional or axial) Ø Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 17
Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning cervic/o neck (of the body or uterus) chondr/o cartilage chrom/o color coccyg/o coccyx (tailbone) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 18
Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning crani/o skull cyt/o cell dist/o far, distant dors/o back portion of the body Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 19
Combining Forms, Suffixes and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning hist/o tissue ili/o ilium (of the pelvic bone) inguin/o groin kary/o nucleus Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 20
Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning later/o side lumb/o lower back medi/o middle nucle/o nucleus Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 21
Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning pelv/i pelvis poster/o back, behind proxim/o nearest sacr/o sacrum Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 22
Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning sarc/o flesh spin/o spine, backbone thel/o nipple thorac/o chest trache/o trachea, windpipe Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 23
Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning umbilic/o navel, umbilicus ventr/o belly side of the body vertebro vertebra(e), backbone(s) viscer/o internal organs Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 24
Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) PREFIXES Combining Form. Meaning ana- up cata- down epi- above hypo- below inter- between meta- change Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 25
Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes (cont’d) SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -eal -iac -ior -ism -ose -plasm -somes -type pertaining to process, condition pertaining to, full of formation bodies picture, classification Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 26
QUICK QUIZ: 5. Which term means process of cutting the skull? A. thoracotomy B. craniotomy C. diskectomy D. arthroscopy Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 27
QUICK QUIZ: 5. Which term means process of cutting the skull? A. thoracotomy B. craniotomy C. diskectomy D. arthroscopy Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 28
Pronunciation Guide Review ā as in āpe ē as in ēven ī as in īce ō as in ōpen ū as in ūnit ă as in ăpple ĕ as in ĕvery ĭ as in ĭnterest ŏ as in pŏt ŭ as in ŭnder Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 29
Pronunciation Examples: adipose caudal distal trachea ĂD-ĭ-pōs KAWD- ăl DĬS-tăl TRĀ-kē-ă Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 30
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