Chapter 2 Culture Puerto Rico Puerto Rico n

Chapter 2 Culture Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico n n n n Population: 3, 937, 316 Capital: San Juan Official Language: Spanish and English Government: Free State Associated with the United States Monetary: U. S. Dollar Internet Code: www. . pr National Sport: Baseball (or Softball for women)

What is capital of Puerto Rico? A. B. C. San José San Juan Santo Domingo

What is Puerto Rico’s national sport? A. B. C. basketball soccer baseball

San Juan Puerto Rico was first named San Juan Bautista and the capital was named Puerto Rico (meaning Rich Port). n The two names were switched by the Puerto Rico’s first governor, Juan Ponce de León. n

What does Puerto Rico mean? A. B. C. Rich Port Righteous Port Poor Port

History n Indigenous cultures thrived for centuries in Puerto Rico, until Columbus claimed the land for Spain in 1493. The island remained under colonial Spanish rule for more than 400 years.

History Continued n After their defeat in the Spanish. American War in 1898, Spain ceded the islands of Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Philippines to the United States. In 1917, Puerto Ricans received United States citizenships, although in elections since then, they have chosen to retain their status as a commonwealth.

Who claimed Puerto Rico for Spain in 1493? A. B. C. Hernán Cortez Juan Ponce de León Cristóbal Colón (Christopher Columbus)

How long did Puerto Rico remain under Spanish rule? A. B. C. 40 years 400 years 4, 000 years

After what war did Spain cede Puerto Rico (along with Cuba & the Philippians) to the US? A. B. C. The American Revolution The Spanish-American War The Spanish Civil War

51 st State? ? ? n Puerto Rico is a self-governing commonwealth in association with the U. S. The U. S. and Puerto Rico share citizenship, currency, customs borders, and defense. However, Puerto Ricans are not required to pay federal income tax. Puerto Ricans have rejected the prospect of United States statehood in three different elections.

English or Spanish n Since becoming a U. S territory in 1898, language has been a central issue for the people of Puerto Rico. For 90 years, Spanish and English were the official languages. But in 1991, Governor Rafael Hernandez Colon, a supporter of Puerto Rican independence, abolished English as an official language. In 1993, a pro-statehood governor restored equal official status to English and Spanish, and it remains so today. English is spoken by approximately ¼ of the population, and is spoken in nearly all areas frequented by tourists.

English is spoken by almost ____ of the Puerto Rican population A. B. C. 1/2 1/3 1/4

Geography n La Cordillera Central runs nearly the length of the island from east to west, with mountains covering 60% of the island’s terrain. Fed from rains in the interior mountains, short rivers drain into the Atlantic and the Caribbean. These rivers assure that the land is well watered and contribute to the fertility of the coastal lowlands.

Geography n El flamboyán is a tree with beautiful red flowers that grows in La Cordillera Central.

La Cordillera Central covers almost ____ of Puerto Rico. A. B. C. 60% 75% 90%

El Yunque n n n El Yunque or the Caribbean National Forest is the rainforest of Puerto Rico It receives more than 100 billion gallons of rainfall each year. Puerto Rican parrots are only found in a few hidden areas of the Caribbean National Forest.

El Yunque

El Yunque n n El coquí is the most famous amphibian in Puerto Rico. El coquí was named because of the sound it makes.

What is the name of Puerto Rico’s national forest? A. B. C. El Coquí El Bosque El Yunque

How much rainfall does El Yunque receive each year? A. B. C. 100 million gallons 100 billion gallons 100 trillion gallons

What is the name of Puerto Rico’s national amphibian? A. B. C. La rana El coquí El flamboyán

La Comida n Puerto Rican cuisine is a reflection of the island’s history and the various cultures. The cocina criolla, or native cooking, is a blend of indigenous, Spanish, African, Mexican, and North American influences.

La Comida continued n n n Pollo Frito (Fried Chicken) con tostones is a typical dish of Puerto Rico. Tostones are deep fried plantains. Las habichuelas are another typical Puerto Rican dish of beans served with rice and chicken on meat.

What is Puerto Rico’s cooking called? A. B. C. La comida de Puerto Rico y otros La cocina criolla El lonche

What is a typical Puerto Rican dish? A. B. C. El pollo frito con tostones La hamburguesa Las papitas fritas con tostones

Las celebraciones n La fiesta de Santiago, held in the small town of Loiza Aldea, reenacts the Spanish conquest over the Moors. In the third week of July, this town of mostly African descent honors the town’s patron Saint James (Santiago) and his role in the unification of Spain.

Las celebraciones n El festival Casals is a 40+ year old festival dedicated to Classical music. It was created by Pablo Casals. The festival is held every year in San Juan.

Which festival held the third week in July celebrates the Spanish conquest over the Moors? A. B. C. El festival Casals La fiesta de Santiago Loiza Aldea

What type of music is celebrated during El Festival Casals? A. B. C. Salsa New age Classical

Música n Salsa The most widely heard and influential form of music from Puerto Rico. The term translates to English as "sauce" to denote music that spices and enlivens things. It is a complex musical genre that evolved from many roots into a uniquely Puerto Rican product.

Música n n Salsa music was made famous my instruments like the güiro and maracas. Famous Puerto musicians who are noted for making salsa music popular worldwide are: n n n Willie Colón Tito Puente Marc Anthony

What does salsa mean? A. B. C. Spanish spirited sauce

Which of the following is a famous Puerto Rican salsa musician? A. B. C. Tito Puente Juan Ponce de León Cristóbal Colón

EXIT SLIP What are 3 things that you learned about Puerto Rico? n What would you like to learn more about Puerto Rico? n Do you think Puerto Rico should become our 51 st state? Why or why not? n