Chapter 2 Asking Compelling Clinical Questions Copyright 2011
![Chapter 2 Asking Compelling Clinical Questions Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Chapter 2 Asking Compelling Clinical Questions Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-1.jpg)
![Barriers to Finding the Right Information at the Right Time Lack of proficiency in Barriers to Finding the Right Information at the Right Time Lack of proficiency in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-2.jpg)
![Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search Background questions • Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search Background questions •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-3.jpg)
![Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search—(cont. ) Foreground questions Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search—(cont. ) Foreground questions](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-4.jpg)
![Question Is the following statement true or false? Foreground questions can often be answered Question Is the following statement true or false? Foreground questions can often be answered](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-5.jpg)
![Answer False Rationale: Foreground questions are clinical questions that can only be answered by Answer False Rationale: Foreground questions are clinical questions that can only be answered by](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-6.jpg)
![Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search—(cont. ) Types of Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search—(cont. ) Types of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-7.jpg)
![Question Is the following statement true or false? A well-formulated PICOT question should specify Question Is the following statement true or false? A well-formulated PICOT question should specify](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-8.jpg)
![Answer True Rationale: A PICOT question should always specify the outcome that is expected Answer True Rationale: A PICOT question should always specify the outcome that is expected](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-9.jpg)
![Asking Foreground Questions Using the PICOT Format P: Population of interest I: Intervention or Asking Foreground Questions Using the PICOT Format P: Population of interest I: Intervention or](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-10.jpg)
![PICOT Format: Intervention Template In ________(P) how does______(I) compared to _____(C) affect ______(O) within PICOT Format: Intervention Template In ________(P) how does______(I) compared to _____(C) affect ______(O) within](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-11.jpg)
![PICOT Format: Prognosis Template In ________(P) how does______(I) compared to _____(C) influence/predict _______(O) over PICOT Format: Prognosis Template In ________(P) how does______(I) compared to _____(C) influence/predict _______(O) over](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-12.jpg)
![PICOT Format: Diagnosis Template In ________(P) is ______(I) compared to _____(C) more accurate in PICOT Format: Diagnosis Template In ________(P) is ______(I) compared to _____(C) more accurate in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-13.jpg)
![PICOT Format: Etiology Template Are ________(P) who have _____(I) compared to those without _________(C) PICOT Format: Etiology Template Are ________(P) who have _____(I) compared to those without _________(C)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-14.jpg)
![PICOT Format: Meaning Template How do ________(P) with _____(I) perceive _________(O) during ______(T)? Copyright PICOT Format: Meaning Template How do ________(P) with _____(I) perceive _________(O) during ______(T)? Copyright](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-15.jpg)
![Question Which of the following components of a PICOT question is absent from the Question Which of the following components of a PICOT question is absent from the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-16.jpg)
![Answer d. T (Time) Rationale: This question specifies the patient population (patients with dementia), Answer d. T (Time) Rationale: This question specifies the patient population (patients with dementia),](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-17.jpg)
- Slides: 17
![Chapter 2 Asking Compelling Clinical Questions Copyright 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health Lippincott Chapter 2 Asking Compelling Clinical Questions Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-1.jpg)
Chapter 2 Asking Compelling Clinical Questions Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
![Barriers to Finding the Right Information at the Right Time Lack of proficiency in Barriers to Finding the Right Information at the Right Time Lack of proficiency in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-2.jpg)
Barriers to Finding the Right Information at the Right Time Lack of proficiency in using computers Lack of computer access at point of care Low comfort level/lack of skill using search techniques Lack of access to appropriate electronic databases Lack of time to search for the best evidence Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search Background questions Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search Background questions •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-3.jpg)
Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search Background questions • Asks for general information about a clinical issue • Usually has two components: o o • 1. The starting place of the question (e. g. , what, where, when, why, and how) 2. The outcome of interest Broader in scope than a foreground (PICOT) question Example: “How does the drug acetaminophen work to affect fever? ” Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Searchcont Foreground questions Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search—(cont. ) Foreground questions](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-4.jpg)
Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search—(cont. ) Foreground questions (PICOT format) • • • Asks for specific scientific evidence about diagnosing, treating, or educating patients The focus is on specific knowledge Use of PICOT format is recommended for a focused literature search Example: “In children aged 3 to 8 years, how does acetaminophen compare with ibuprofen in lowering a fever? ” Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![Question Is the following statement true or false Foreground questions can often be answered Question Is the following statement true or false? Foreground questions can often be answered](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-5.jpg)
Question Is the following statement true or false? Foreground questions can often be answered by consulting an up-to-date nursing or science textbook. Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![Answer False Rationale Foreground questions are clinical questions that can only be answered by Answer False Rationale: Foreground questions are clinical questions that can only be answered by](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-6.jpg)
Answer False Rationale: Foreground questions are clinical questions that can only be answered by specific scientific evidence that is usually found in original studies or systematic reviews of original studies (e. g. , RCTs). This type of evidence is not available in textbooks, which are more appropriate for answering background questions. Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Searchcont Types of Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search—(cont. ) Types of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-7.jpg)
Types of Questions to Develop Prior to Beginning a Literature Search—(cont. ) Types of foreground questions • Intervention questions (What intervention most effectively leads to an outcome? ) • Prognosis/prediction questions (What indicators are most predictive of an outcome? ) • Diagnosis questions (What test most accurately diagnoses an outcome? ) • Etiology questions (To what extent is a factor associated with an outcome? ) • Meaning questions (How does an experience influence an outcome? ) Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![Question Is the following statement true or false A wellformulated PICOT question should specify Question Is the following statement true or false? A well-formulated PICOT question should specify](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-8.jpg)
Question Is the following statement true or false? A well-formulated PICOT question should specify the measurable patient outcomes that need to addressed. Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![Answer True Rationale A PICOT question should always specify the outcome that is expected Answer True Rationale: A PICOT question should always specify the outcome that is expected](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-9.jpg)
Answer True Rationale: A PICOT question should always specify the outcome that is expected from the clinical question. It is important that the outcome be measurable in some way so that the effectiveness of the change can be evaluated. Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![Asking Foreground Questions Using the PICOT Format P Population of interest I Intervention or Asking Foreground Questions Using the PICOT Format P: Population of interest I: Intervention or](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-10.jpg)
Asking Foreground Questions Using the PICOT Format P: Population of interest I: Intervention or issue of interest C: Comparison of interest O: Outcome expected T: Time needed for the intervention to achieve the outcome or the time in the course of the disease/symptom that the intervention is applied Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![PICOT Format Intervention Template In P how doesI compared to C affect O within PICOT Format: Intervention Template In ________(P) how does______(I) compared to _____(C) affect ______(O) within](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-11.jpg)
PICOT Format: Intervention Template In ________(P) how does______(I) compared to _____(C) affect ______(O) within (T)______? Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![PICOT Format Prognosis Template In P how doesI compared to C influencepredict O over PICOT Format: Prognosis Template In ________(P) how does______(I) compared to _____(C) influence/predict _______(O) over](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-12.jpg)
PICOT Format: Prognosis Template In ________(P) how does______(I) compared to _____(C) influence/predict _______(O) over (T)______? Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![PICOT Format Diagnosis Template In P is I compared to C more accurate in PICOT Format: Diagnosis Template In ________(P) is ______(I) compared to _____(C) more accurate in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-13.jpg)
PICOT Format: Diagnosis Template In ________(P) is ______(I) compared to _____(C) more accurate in diagnosing (O) ______? Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![PICOT Format Etiology Template Are P who have I compared to those without C PICOT Format: Etiology Template Are ________(P) who have _____(I) compared to those without _________(C)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-14.jpg)
PICOT Format: Etiology Template Are ________(P) who have _____(I) compared to those without _________(C) at _______ risk for/of ______ (O) over ______(T)? Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![PICOT Format Meaning Template How do P with I perceive O during T Copyright PICOT Format: Meaning Template How do ________(P) with _____(I) perceive _________(O) during ______(T)? Copyright](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-15.jpg)
PICOT Format: Meaning Template How do ________(P) with _____(I) perceive _________(O) during ______(T)? Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![Question Which of the following components of a PICOT question is absent from the Question Which of the following components of a PICOT question is absent from the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-16.jpg)
Question Which of the following components of a PICOT question is absent from the following clinical question? “Among patients with dementia, how does the use of reorientation therapy compared with regular, supervised mobility affect patient agitation? ” a. P (Population) b. I (Intervention) c. O (Outcome) d. T (Time) Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
![Answer d T Time Rationale This question specifies the patient population patients with dementia Answer d. T (Time) Rationale: This question specifies the patient population (patients with dementia),](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/1b04067418927b11acad6631e7056f21/image-17.jpg)
Answer d. T (Time) Rationale: This question specifies the patient population (patients with dementia), the intervention (reorientation therapy), the comparison (regular, supervised mobility), and the relevant outcome (patient agitation), but does not provide the time frame for an expected outcome. Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
Asking the right questions chapter 1
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What makes a question essential
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Asking scientific questions activity
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Clinical supervision questions
Clinical supervision questions
Compeling event
Focus divergence tagline
Compelling scoreboard
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