Chapter 2 Architectural Drafting Equipment Links for Chapter

Chapter 2 Architectural Drafting Equipment

Links for Chapter 2 Drafting Supplies Drafting Instruments Drafting Machines Scales 2

Drafting Supplies • Mechanical Pencils - The lead is manually inserted and sharpened as needed • Automatic Pencils - The lead advances as button or tip is pushed • Lead Grades - Depends on the type of line – Thick Lines - 2 H to F – Thin Lines - 4 H to H 3

Drafting Supplies • Pencil Motion - Keep pencil tilted at 45º with the direction of travel – Provide even pressure to create sharp crisp lines – Slowly Rotate the mechanical pencil as the line is drawn – Practice this technique as often as possible 4

Drafting Supplies • Technical Pens - Used to create inked lines • Erasers - Use the correct eraser for the job – Do not press too hard to rip the material – Erasing shields protect good lines – Use a dust brush to remove the eraser particles 5

Drafting Instruments • Compasses - Used to draw circles and arcs – Drop-bow is used for small circles – Center-wheel is used by professional drafters – Beam is used for large arcs or circles • Keep the compass needle sharp and the lead point sharpened like a chisel point 6

Drafting Instruments • Dividers - Used to transfer dimensions or divide distances • Parallel Bar - Slides up and down the drafting board by cables mounted on pulleys • Triangles - Two standard types – 30º-60º-90º is known as 30º-60º triangle – 45º-90º is known as 45º triangle 7

Drafting Instruments • Templates - A plastic sheet that contains standard symbols used for tracing – Be sure the scale matches your drawing – Keep both sides clean • Irregular Curves - There is no constant radii and is commonly called a French curve 8

Drafting Machines • Arm Drafting Machine - The arm clamps to the table and the head can rotate to a variety of angles with different scales attached to it • Track Drafting Machine - The traversing arm moves left and right across the table and the head can also lock and pivot 9

Scales • Notation - Scale of the drawing is noted in each title block – Architecture - 1/4”=1’-0” or 1”=1’-0” – Civil - 1”=50’ or 1”=500’ • Metric - Scale is based on the meter (m) unit – Millimeter (mm) is most commonly used on drawings 10

Scales • Architect’s Scale - Contain 11 different scales – Locate the correct scale before beginning – Ten of the scales are based on the inch unit – Other scale is divided into 1/16 th of an inch – Be careful when reading from left to right – The 1/4”=1’-0” is the most common scale 11

Scales • Civil Engineer’s Scale - Contain 11 different scales – Locate the correct scale before beginning – The scales are based on the inch unit in multiples of 10 – Be careful when reading from left to right – The 50 scale is most popular 12