Chapter 19 Finish Flooring Objectives Describe strip engineered
Chapter 19 Finish Flooring
Objectives • Describe strip, engineered, plank, and block wood flooring. • Lay out and install strip flooring on concrete or plywood subfloors. • Describe the procedure for installing laminate flooring. Robbins/Sykes, Tibbias Flooring Inc. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Objectives (Cont. ) • Describe the procedure for applying hardboard, particleboard, and plywood underlayment. • Outline the basic steps for installing resilient flooring. • Explain the different types of ceramic floor tiling and how they are installed. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Finish Flooring • Any material used as final surface of floor • Usually laid after wall and ceiling surfaces are completed • Improved materials are used in making composition (resilient) flooring • Floor surface should be covered to protect it during other finish work Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Wood Flooring • Popular in residential structures • Has strength and durability • Provides attractive appearance • Available in varied widths and thicknesses Weather Shield Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Strip Flooring • Pieces of solid wood cut into narrow strips • Laid in random pattern of end joints • Usually is tongue-andgroove on sides and ends • May come unfinished or prefinished Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Plank Flooring • Made of solid wood • Gives informal appearance to floor • Usually laid in random widths • Pieces may be bored and plugged to simulate wooden pegs Robbins/Sykes, Tibbias Flooring Inc. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Block Flooring • Looks like conventional parquetry • Each block has design formed by smaller wood blocks • Blocks are laminated units made by gluing together several layers of wood Robbins/Sykes, Tibbias Flooring Inc. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Engineered Wood Flooring • Designed to float on subfloor • Made by laminating several plies • Top ply is prefinished hardwood Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Sizes and Grades • • • Strip flooring widths range from 1 1/2″ to 3 1/4″ Standard thicknesses include 3/8″, 1/2″, and 3/4″ Solid planks are usually 3/4″ thick Widths range from 3″ to 9″ Unit blocks are produced in 3/4″ thickness • Uniform grading rules are established by manufacturers • Grading is largely based on appearance Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Delivery • Wood may shrink or expand during storage • Wood flooring should be delivered four or five days before installation • Do not store wood in damp buildings • Make sure concrete work and plaster are dry before bringing in flooring Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Subfloors • In joist construction, most building codes specify sound and rigid subfloor • For regular strip or plank flooring, subfloor should be – Good quality plywood – Oriented strand board Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Installing Wood Strip Flooring • Check that subfloor is clean and nailing patterns complete • Put down good quality building paper • Lay strip flooring at right angle to floor joists • Stagger end joints Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Nailing • Using enough nails and proper size will reduce noise • Use face nailing for first strip • Succeeding strips are blind nailed • Countersink all nails Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Flooring around Projections • Flooring strips should run uninterrupted through doorways and into adjoining rooms Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Multiroom Layout • Strip flooring may be carried through all or major parts of building • Align starter courses with setup line before face nailing • Continue installation across rooms following plan Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Wood Flooring over Concrete • For slab-on-grade installation, put down sleepers • Double layer of 1 × 2 wood sleepers is used • Sleepers are nailed together with moisture barrier of 4 -mil polyethylene film Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Estimating Strip Flooring • Calculate area in square feet • Add percentage for size being used (see table) • Standard bundle of strip flooring has 24 bd. ft. • Allow additional amounts for breaks and projections Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Wood Block Flooring • Squares of wood in various patterns • May use intricate patterns of small pieces • May require double layer of subflooring • Allow clearance on unit blocks for expansion Bayfield Lumber Company Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Installation Patterns • Can be on square or diagonal • Never use wall as starting line for square pattern • For diagonal pattern, snap chalk line between walls for starting point Oak Flooring Institute Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Prefinished Wood Flooring • Use prefinished flooring to speed up construction • Install with care to avoid damaging finish • Make installation last step in interior finish sequence Memphis Hardwood Flooring Co. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Laminate Flooring • Floats over subfloor but is not fastened • Underlayment of foam cushions and absorbs sound • Tongue-and-groove construction allows planks to be snapped together Boen Hardwood Flooring, Inc. ; Pergo, Inc Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Engineered Wood Flooring • Prefinished and durable • Edges and ends have tongue-and-groove joints • Joints are glued in some cases • Tapping block is used to tap planks into place Boen Hardwood Flooring, Inc. ; Pergo, Inc Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Thinking Green • • Eliminate waste created through theft and vandalism Keep accurate records to catch material shortages Store all materials and tools securely Use solar-powered security cameras to monitor jobsite Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Underlayment • Required to provide smooth, even surface for resilient materials • Prevents finish floor materials from checking or cracking • Can be plywood, hardboard, or cement board • Used with special mastic material on some concrete floors Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Resilient Floor Tile • Many types available • Select type appropriate for job • Install proper underlayment • Be careful of substances that might stain vinyl Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Laying Tile • Allow adhesive to set before any tile is laid • Start laying tile at center of room • Do not slide tile, which may move adhesive • Align joining edges first, then lower rest of tile Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Installing Resilient Tile over Concrete • Make surface is dry, smooth, and structurally sound • Cover dusty or chalked surfaces on floors with coat of primer • Perform bond and moisture test before laying tile Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Self-Adhering Tiles • • • Have adhesive applied to tile back at factory Easy to install Can be laid over smooth-faced resilient floors Follow same layout procedure as for standard tiles Keep room warm for one week after installation Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Estimating Tile Flooring and Adhesive • For tiles, find area of room • Multiply square footage by factor in table to allow for waste • Estimate adhesive according to square yardage or square footage Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Sheet Vinyl Flooring • Can be installed over concrete, plywood, or some vinyl flooring • Full-adhesive-bonded flooring is fastened with adhesive on full area • Perimeter-bonded flooring is fastened only around edges and at seams Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Ceramic Floor Tile • Available in variety of colors and shapes • Made from mixture of clay and other materials • Bisques are formed and then kiln dried Riviera Marmitec Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Ceramic Tile Types • Grouped according to their permeability • Organized by their characteristics – – Paver Quarry Mosaic Lugged American Olean Tile Co. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Ceramic Tile Adhesives • Mastics are least expensive • Mortars are good choice where tile will be exposed to water • Epoxy dry-set mortar has high bonding strength and resistance to impact American Olean Tile Co. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Estimating Ceramic Tile • Calculate square footage of area to be covered • Add 10% to compensate for breakage and cuts • Consult manufacturer’s coverage chart American Olean Tile Co. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Installing Ceramic Tile • Apply adhesive using thick set or thin set method • Adhere tiles and allow them to dry • Fill spaces between tiles with grout Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
Construction Careers Flooring Installers • Work with wood, vinyl, tile, carpeting, and sheet flooring • Work for flooring contractors or retail stores or are self-employed • Learn through on-job training or apprenticeships Dmitry Kalinovsky/Shutterstock. com Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co. , Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.
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