Chapter 18 Mirrors Lenses Mirrors Smooth surfaces that

Mirrors • Smooth surfaces that reflect light waves

Mirrors • Mirrors have been used for thousands of years in the form of

Mirrors • Mirrors producing sharp & well defined images were developed by Jean Foucault

Mirrors • Jean Foucault developed a method to coat glass with silver making excellent

Object • The source of the spreading light waves being observed

Image • A reproduction of an object observed through lenses or mirrors

Image • When you look into a mirror, you see an image of yourself

Plane Mirror • Mirrors on smooth flat surfaces that give specular reflection and good

Specular Reflection • All reflected waves are parallel, producing a good image

Diffuse Reflection • Reflected waves from a rough surface bounce in all directions producing

Objects & Images • Objects & images are represented by arrows as to distinguish

do di ho object hi image di = do hi = ho

Virtual Image • Light rays focus on a point behind the mirror.

Virtual Image • Virtual images are erect: image & object pointing in the same

Concave Mirrors • Light rays are reflected from the inner (curved in) surface part

Concave Mirrors • Parallel light rays converge when reflected off of a concave mirror

Concave Mirrors F: focal point F Principal axis C C: center of curvature

Focal Point • Point at which parallel light rays converge (reflecting from a concave

Focal Length (f) • The distance between the mirror or lens and the focal

Center of Curvature • The center of the sphere whose inner surface makes the

Draw Ray Diagram & Determine Type of Image

Mirror & Lens Formula f = focal length do = object distance di =

Magnification Formula M = magnification ho = object height hi = image height

A 5. 0 cm object is placed 25. 0 cm from a concave mirror

A 250 mm object is placed 25 cm from a concave mirror whose center

A 15 cm object placed 75 cm from a concave mirror produces an image

A 50. 0 mm object is placed 0. 25 m from a concave mirror

Convex Mirrors • Light rays are reflected from the outer surface part of a

Convex Mirrors • Parallel light rays diverge when reflected off of a convex mirror

Spherical Aberration • The parallel rays reflected off of the edges of a spherical

Spherical Aberration • This is corrected by using a parabolic concave mirror

$Lenses • Transparent material that allows that light to pass through, but refracts the$

Concave Lenses • Caved in lenses where the center is thinner than the edges

Convex Lenses • Bulging lenses where the center is thicker than the edges

Concave Lenses • Parallel light rays diverge when passing through a concave lens

Convex Lenses • Parallel light rays converge when passing through a convex lens

$Chromatic Aberration • The parallel rays passing through a lens are refracted at the$

Chromatic Aberration • Corrected through lens coating or double lens effect

Achromatic Lens • A lens that has been made so that there is no

Eye Glasses • Concave lenses correct nearsightedness • Convex lenses correct farsightedness

Nearsighted • Sees close-up well, but cannot see distances very well

Farsighted • Sees distances well, but cannot see closeup very well

A 150 cm object placed 75 cm from a concave mirror produces an image

A 250 cm object placed 1. 5 m from a convex lens with a

A 350 cm object placed 150 cm from a convex mirror with a focal

Draw Ray Diagram & Determine Type of Image Mirror

Slides: 94

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Chapter 18 Mirrors & Lenses

Mirrors • Smooth surfaces that reflect light waves

Mirrors • Mirrors have been used for thousands of years in the form of polished metal

Mirrors • Mirrors producing sharp & well defined images were developed by Jean Foucault in 1857

Mirrors • Jean Foucault developed a method to coat glass with silver making excellent mirrors

Object • The source of the spreading light waves being observed

Image • A reproduction of an object observed through lenses or mirrors

Image • When you look into a mirror, you see an image of yourself

Plane Mirror • Mirrors on smooth flat surfaces that give specular reflection and good images

Specular Reflection • All reflected waves are parallel, producing a good image

Diffuse Reflection • Reflected waves from a rough surface bounce in all directions producing a poor image or no image.

Objects & Images • Objects & images are represented by arrows as to distinguish the top from the bottom.

do di ho object hi image di = do hi = ho

Virtual Image • Light rays focus on a point behind the mirror.

Virtual Image • Virtual images are erect: image & object pointing in the same direction

Concave Mirrors • Light rays are reflected from the inner (curved in) surface part of a hollow sphere, or a parabola.

Concave Mirrors • Parallel light rays converge when reflected off of a concave mirror

Concave Mirrors F: focal point F Principal axis C C: center of curvature

Focal Point • Point at which parallel light rays converge (reflecting from a concave mirror in this case)

Focal Length (f) • The distance between the mirror or lens and the focal point

Center of Curvature • The center of the sphere whose inner surface makes the concave mirror

Concave Mirrors

Concave Mirrors do > C: di < do hi < ho

Concave Mirrors

Concave Mirrors do = C: di = do hi = ho

Concave Mirrors

Concave Mirrors do < C: di > do hi > ho

Concave Mirrors

Concave Mirrors do < f: di = BM hi > ho

Problems with Concave Mirrors:

Draw Ray Diagram & Determine Type of Image

Mirror & Lens Formula 1 1 1 = + f do di

Mirror & Lens Formula f = focal length do = object distance di = image distance

Magnification Formula hi di = ho do

Magnificaton hi M= ho

Magnification Formula M = magnification ho = object height hi = image height

Problems

A 5. 0 cm object is placed 25. 0 cm from a concave mirror with a focal length of 10. 0 cm. Calculate: di, hi, & M

A 250 mm object is placed 25 cm from a concave mirror whose center of curvature is 250 mm. Calculate: di, hi, & M

A 15 cm object placed 75 cm from a concave mirror produces an image 50. 0 cm from the mirror. Calculate: f, hi, & M

A 50. 0 mm object is placed 0. 25 m from a concave mirror with a focal length of 50. 0 cm. Calculate: di, hi, & M

Convex Mirrors • Light rays are reflected from the outer surface part of a sphere

Convex Mirrors • Parallel light rays diverge when reflected off of a convex mirror

Convex Mirrors do < f: di = BM hi < ho

Spherical Aberration • The parallel rays reflected off of the edges of a spherical concave mirror miss the focal point, blurring the image.

Spherical Aberration • This is corrected by using a parabolic concave mirror

$Lenses • Transparent material that allows that light to pass through, but refracts the$

Lenses • Transparent material that allows that light to pass through, but refracts the light rays

Concave Lenses • Caved in lenses where the center is thinner than the edges

Convex Lenses • Bulging lenses where the center is thicker than the edges

Concave Lenses • Parallel light rays diverge when passing through a concave lens

Convex Lenses • Parallel light rays converge when passing through a convex lens

Convex Lenses

Concave Lenses

$Chromatic Aberration • The parallel rays passing through a lens are refracted at the$

Chromatic Aberration • The parallel rays passing through a lens are refracted at the edges more so than at the center dispersing the colors

Chromatic Aberration • Corrected through lens coating or double lens effect

Achromatic Lens • A lens that has been made so that there is no chromatic aberration

Find the image

Eye Glasses • Concave lenses correct nearsightedness • Convex lenses correct farsightedness

Nearsighted • Sees close-up well, but cannot see distances very well

Farsighted • Sees distances well, but cannot see closeup very well

A 150 cm object placed 75 cm from a concave mirror produces an image 250 cm from the mirror. Draw & Calculate: f, hi, & M

A 250 cm object placed 1. 5 m from a convex lens with a focal length 50. 0 cm from the mirror. Calculate: di, hi, & M

A 350 cm object placed 150 cm from a convex mirror with a focal length -75 cm from the mirror. Calculate: di, hi, & M

Draw Ray Diagram & Determine Type of Image Mirror

Draw Ray Diagram & Determine Type of Image

Draw Ray Diagram & Determine Type of Image Mirror

Draw the Ray Diagram

Convex Lenses