Chapter 18 Chromosome 18 DNA Sequence Chromosome 18

Chapter 18: Chromosome 18 DNA Sequence Chromosome 18 Name of Gene SMAD 4 Name of Protein 54, 830 bp SMAD family member 4 transcription m. RNA Amino acid sequence 552 AA translation It turn on or turn off in pancreaticcancer

n Description of Pancreatic cancer Symptoms and characteristics At first, there are no symptoms • Yellow skin and eyes, darkening of the urine, itching, and claycolored stool, which are signs of jaundice caused by a blockage of the bile ducts • Pain in upper abdomen or upper back • Painful swelling of an arm or leg due to a blood clot n • Burning feeling in stomach or other gastrointestinal discomforts • Stomach bloating • Floating stools with a particularly bad odor and an unusual color due to the body not digesting fats well • Weakness • Loss of appetite • Nausea and vomiting • Chills & Fever • Unexplained weight loss

Description of pancreatic cancer Pancreatic cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancerous) cells form in the tissues of the pancreas. The pancreas is a gland located behind the stomach and in front of the spine Who is affected? Anyone, but the following have a higher risk: *ANY ONE * • Smoking • Chronic pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) • Inherited conditions (including hereditary pancreatitis) • Familial pancreatic cancer syndromes • Long-standing diabetes

References n 1. http: //www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/books/NBK 22183/ n 2. http: //www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/books/NBK 22266/ 3. http: //www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/mapview/maps. cgi? ORG=hu m&query=uid(3864, 4596, 9027248, 9028163)&qstr=NPC 1 +OR+DPC 4&CHR=18&MAPS=ideogr[899. 145003%3 A 39 20. 184997], morbid[899. 140000%3 A 3920. 190000]&ZOO M=100. 000000 n