Chapter 17 Digestive System Accessory Organs Pancreas Liver

Chapter 17 Digestive System Accessory Organs • Pancreas • Liver • Gall Bladder 17 -2

Major Organs 17 -3

Pancreas 17 -29

Pancreatic Juice • pancreatic amylase – splits glycogen into disaccharides • pancreatic lipase – breaks down triglycerides • trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase – digest proteins • nucleases – digest nucleic acids • bicarbonate ions – make pancreatic juice alkaline 17 -30

Regulation of Pancreatic Secretions • acidic chyme stimulates release of secretin • secretin stimulate release of pancreatic juice 17 -31

Liver 17 -32

Liver Functions • produces glycogen from glucose • breaks down glycogen into glucose • converts noncarbohydrates to glucose • oxidizes fatty acids • synthesizes lipoproteins, phospholipids, and cholesterol • converts carbohydrates and proteins into fats • deaminates amino acids • forms urea • synthesizes plasma proteins • converts some amino acids to other amino acids • stores glycogen, vitamins A, D, B 12, iron, and blood • phagocytosis of worn out RBCs and foreign substances • removes toxins from blood 17 -35

Composition of Bile • water • bile salts • emulsification of fats • absorption of fatty acids, cholesterol, and fat-soluble vitamins • bile pigments • cholesterol • electrolytes 17 -36

Gallbladder 17 -37

Regulation of Bile Release • fatty chyme entering duodenum stimulate gallbladder to release bile 17 -38