Chapter 17 1 NONRENEWABLE ENERGY Fossil Fuels Fossil

Chapter 17 - 1 NONRENEWABLE ENERGY

Fossil Fuels Fossil fuels – remains of ancient organisms Changed into: Oil Coal Natural gas

Fossil Fuels Problems: Supply is limited Causes environmental problems

Uses Cooking Natural Gas Transportation Petroleum Manufacturing Coal Heating and cooling Natural Gas Generating electricity

Electricity Fossil fuels electricity More convenient Travel long distances quickly

Disadvantages Difficult to store Other energy sources generate it

Electricity Electric generator – machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy Mechanical energy – energy of motion

Turbine – wheel that changes moving liquid energy into electrical energy

Power Plant 1. Boil water Coal or gas heated 2. Stream 3. Turns turbine

Energy Use

Energy in the U. S. Uses more energy person than any other country except Canada and United Arab Emirates

Energy in the U. S. 25% of energy used in transportation Other countries – rails systems Smaller size

Energy U. S. and Canada – some of the lowest gas taxes in world

Fuel Deposits Why is there oil in Alaska and Texas but not in Florida?

Coal Remains of plants in swamps Hundreds of millions of years ago 300 – 320 million years

Coal Inexpensive Little refining ½ of electricity in U. S. comes from coal

Coal Mining Environmentally damaging Dangerous for humans

Coal Bituminous – high heat, less pollution Lignite – low quality Sulfur released after burning Acid rain

Petroleum Oil that is pumped from the ground Crude oil Petroleum product – anything made from crude oil Plastics Chemicals

Oil and Natural Gas Decay of tiny marine organisms Ocean bottom Compressed into carbon-based molecules Trapped in porous rocks

Oil Deposits Most are found in the Middle East Also: U. S. Venezuela North Sea Siberia Nigeria

Oil Spills Double hulled tankers Quick response time

Oil Spill – Deep Horizon April 20, 2010 Worse since Exxon Valdez in Alaska during 1980’s 200, 000 gallons 11 workers dead

Recent oil spill

Natural Gas In the past it was burned off Though of as a nuisance Technology Transport gas Clean burning

Oil Reserves Oil reserves – oil deposits that can be extracted at a profit Running out Oceans