Chapter 16 Third Declension Adjectives Third Declension Adjectives

Third Declension Adjectives • So far, we’ve learned the group of adjectives known as

Review: Third Declension i-Stems M/F Sing M/F Pl N Sing N Pl Nom civis

Third Declension Adjectives • 3 rd declension adjectives decline just like that, except that

Third Declension Adjectives • We divide up adjectives from this group into three categories.

Third Declension Adjectives • 3 -ending adjectives ex: acer, acris, acre sharp, keen celer,

Third Declension Adjectives • Just like 1 st/2 nd declension adjectives can be used

Third Declension Adjectives • The stem of 3 -ending adjectives can be found by

Slides: 8

Download presentation

Chapter 16: Third Declension Adjectives

Third Declension Adjectives • So far, we’ve learned the group of adjectives known as 1 st/2 nd declension adjectives (e. g. magnus, a, um or pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum) • The other major group of adjectives is known as the 3 rd declension adjectives, and they decline like 3 rd-declension i-stem nouns.

Review: Third Declension i-Stems M/F Sing M/F Pl N Sing N Pl Nom civis cives animalia Gen civis civium animalis animalium Dat civibus animalibus Acc civem cives Abl cive civibus animalia animalibus

Third Declension Adjectives • 3 rd declension adjectives decline just like that, except that they have –i as the ending for the ablative singular in all genders. • So: Abl sing (all genders) = -i Gen pl (all genders) = -ium Nom/Acc pl (neuters) = -ia

Third Declension Adjectives • We divide up adjectives from this group into three categories. • The only difference between these categories is in the nominative singular: adjectives can have – Three forms (one for each gender) – Two forms (one for M&F, one for N) – One form (one for all three genders) • We call these different categories 3 -ending, 2 ending, and 1 -ending adjectives, for obvious reasons.

Third Declension Adjectives • 3 -ending adjectives ex: acer, acris, acre sharp, keen celer, celeris, celere swift, quick • 2 -ending adjectives (the largest category) ex: fortis, forte strong, brave dulcis, dulce sweet • 1 -ending adjectives ex: potens, gen potentis powerful senex, gen senis old, aged

Third Declension Adjectives • Just like 1 st/2 nd declension adjectives can be used to describe nouns of any declension, 3 rd declension adjectives can be used to describe nouns of any declension. Ex: fortis rex, ingens porta • Remember nouns and adjectives must agree in GENDER, NUMBER, and CASE!

Third Declension Adjectives • The stem of 3 -ending adjectives can be found by looking at the F or N form ex: acer, acris, acre: stem = acrceler, celeris, celere: stem = celer • For 1 -ending adjectives, Wheelock gives you the genitive form in the vocabulary entry.