Chapter 16 Lesson 16 1 Skin adipocyte apocrine

Chapter 16 Lesson 16. 1 Skin adipocyte apocrine sweat gland Collagen Dermis Epithelium integumentary system albino basal layer cuticle epidermis hair follicle keratin Journal question: What are the structures in the skin and its accessory organs? Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1

Chapter Goals Name the layers of the skin and the accessory structures associated with the skin. Build medical words using the combining forms that are related to the specialty of dermatology. Identify lesions, signs, and symptoms, and pathologic conditions that relate to the skin. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2

Chapter Goals (cont’d) Describe laboratory tests and clinical procedures that pertain to the skin and recognize relevant abbreviations. Apply your new knowledge to understanding medical terms in their proper contexts, such as medical reports and records. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 3

Introduction Skin: integumentary system weighs 8 to 10 lbs. covers 22 sq. ft. in average adult Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4

Functions of Skin Ø Provides protective membrane Ø Skin glands lubricate and cool the skin Ø Receptor for sensations Ø Helps maintain body temperature Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 5

Functions of Skin (cont’d) Produces sweat: sweat glands produce watery secretion that evaporates and cools Produces sebum: sebaceous glands produce oily secretion that lubricates skin and hair Receives sensation: pain, temperature, pressure, and touch Thermoregulates: interprets message from heat center in the brain Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 6

Structure of the Skin Epidermis: outermost, thin cellular membrane Dermis: next layer; dense fibrous, connective tissue Subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis): thick, fat-containing tissue Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 7

Structure of the Skin (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 8

Structure of the Skin (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 9

Acessory Organs of the Skin HAIR: cells filled with the hard protein; keratin Hair follicles: shafts that hold the hair Ø Five million hairs on body; 100, 000 on head Ø Melanocytes at the root form the color Ø Grow. 5 inch (1. 3 cm) per month Ø Cutting does not affect growth Ø Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 10

Accessory Organs of the Skin (cont’d) Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 11

Accessory Organs of Skin (cont’d) NAILS: hard keratin plates covering toes and fingers Ø lunula Ø cuticle Ø paronychium Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 12

Accessory Organs of Skin (cont’d) GLANDS: sebaceous and sweat Sebaceous glands secrete oily sebum into hair follicle to lubricate. Sweat glands secrete into pores to moisten and cool. Both are subject to bacterial growth. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 13

Accessory Organs of Skin (cont’d) Sebaceous gland, eccrine sweat gland, and apocrine sweat gland. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 14

Combining Forms COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning adip/o albin/o caus/o cauter/o cutane/o derm/o/ fat white burn, burning heat, burn skin Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 15

Combining Forms (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning dermat/o skin diaphor/oprofuse sweating erythem/o redness erythemat/o redness hidr/o sweat ichthy/o scaly, dry Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 16

Combining Forms (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning kerat/o leuk/o lip/o melan/o myc/o onych/o hard, horny tissue white fat black fungus nail Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 17

Combining Forms (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning phyt/o pil/o py/o rhythid/o seb/o squam/o plant hair, hair follicle pus wrinkle sebum scalelike Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 18

Combining Forms (cont’d) COMBINING FORMS Combining Form. Meaning steat/o trich/o ungu/o xanth/o xer/o fat hair nail yellow dry Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 19

QUICK QUIZ: 1. Which combining form refers to white? chlor/o B. jaund/o C. melan/o D. albin/o A. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 20

QUICK QUIZ: 1. Which combining form refers to white? chlor/o B. jaund/o C. melan/o D. albin/o A. Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 21

QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) 2. Which combining form refers to the same color as jaund/o? A. xanth/o B. chlor/o C. erythr/o D. cyan/o Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 22

QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d) 2. Which combining form refers to the same color as jaund/o? A. xanth/o B. chlor/o C. erythr/o D. cyan/o Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 23

Colors Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 24