Chapter 16 Birthplace of Civilization 16 Birthplace of
Chapter 16 Birthplace of Civilization
16 Birthplace of Civilization Chapter Introduction Section 1 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Section 2 Three World Religions Reading Review Chapter Assessment Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Chapter Objectives • Explain how farming, writing, and government developed in Mesopotamia. • Examine the artifacts of ancient Egypt. • Explain the basic beliefs of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. • Discuss how past civilizations have contributed to our own culture. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
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16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Guide to Reading Main Idea The peoples of Mesopotamia and Egypt were among the first to build civilizations. Terms to Know • empire • civilization • delta • city-state • polytheism • theocracy • cuneiform • pharaoh • pyramid • hieroglyphics • papyrus Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Guide to Reading (cont. ) Reading Strategy Create a chart like the on page 466 of your textbook. Write facts about Mesopotamia in the M column and facts about ancient Egypt in the E column.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Guide to Reading (cont. ) Section Objectives • Explain the early advancements in Mesopotamia. • Discuss the ancient Egyptians’ achievements. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Click the speaker button to play the audio.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Mesopotamia • Civilization is a term historians use to describe a culture that has reached a certain level of development. • This development includes cities, a system of writing, specialized workers, organized governments and religions, and the use of technology and metals. • One of the first civilizations grew in the area of land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. • The name of this area was Mesopotamia. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 466– 469)
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Mesopotamia (cont. ) • It was part of a larger region known as the Fertile Crescent, which curved from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. • Around 4500 B. C. , wandering peoples settled in large numbers in Mesopotamia. • They farmed fertile soil left behind by yearly floods. • They also created a 12 month calendar based on the phases of the moon, and (pages 466– 469) they invented the plow. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Mesopotamia (cont. ) • Some of the villages and towns became city-states, which were made up of the city and farmland around it. • The earliest of the city-states rose in an area of Mesopotamia called Sumer. • The Sumerians invented the wheel and the sailboat. • They also created a form of writing known as cuneiform. (pages 466– 469) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Mesopotamia (cont. ) • Religion was based on polytheism, or the worship of many gods and goddesses. • Each city-state was at first a theocracy —it was ruled by religious leaders. • Around 2300 B. C. , the warlike kingdom of Akkad conquered Sumer and several other city-states to create the first empire, or group of states under one ruler. (pages 466– 469) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Mesopotamia (cont. ) • The kingdom of Babylon defeated the Akkadian Empire around 1800 B. C. • The greatest Babylonian king was Hammurabi. • The Code of Hammurabi was an attempt to bring some justice and fairness to the idea of law. • After Hammurabi’s death, the empire split into smaller territories. (pages 466– 469) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Mesopotamia (cont. ) • During the 500 s B. C. , a new Babylonian empire led by Nebuchadnezzar rose and fell. • Among the most important traders of the time were the Phoenicians, who were located mainly in what is now Lebanon. • The Phoenicians developed an alphabet that gave rise to the Hebrew, Greek, and Latin alphabets still in use today. (pages 466– 469) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt How did the Babylonians contribute to the field of mathematics? The Babylonians contributed to the field of mathematics by developing a number system based on 60. From them, we borrowed the 60 -minute hour, 60 -second minute, and 360 degree circle. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Click the speaker button to play the audio.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt—Gift of the Nile • Like Mesopotamia, Egypt grew out of a river valley—the Nile, the longest river in the world. • Most ancient Egyptians lived near the Nile or its delta. • The two kingdoms of Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt were united about 3100 B. C. under a great ruler called a pharaoh. • The pharaoh was viewed not only as a ruler and priest, but also as a god. (pages 469– 471) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt—Gift of the Nile (cont. ) • Egyptians had a polytheistic religion. • Important gods were the sun god Re, the river god Hapi, and the sky god Horus. • Egyptians believed in life after death. • To preserve the body for the next life, it was embalmed, or preserved immediately after death, as a mummy. • The biggest tombs belonged to the pharaohs and were called pyramids. (pages 469– 471) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt—Gift of the Nile (cont. ) • The Egyptians conquered many lands, and also suffered defeats. • They traded across the eastern Mediterranean and spread their ideas and accomplishments. • Hieroglyphics is a form of picture writing. • The Egyptians carved or painted hieroglyphics on monuments or papyrus, a plant that grows along the Nile which can be used to make a form (pages 469– 471) of paper. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt—Gift of the Nile (cont. ) • Egyptians used a number system based on ten and developed geometry. • They were able to sew up cuts and set broken bones. • Egypt eventually grew weak and was conquered by the even greater empires of Greece and Rome. (pages 469– 471) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt In ancient times, how were people and nations able to dominate one another? Even then, people and nations that could use technology were able to dominate, or control, other cultures. The Egyptians used bronze and iron weapons and horse-drawn chariots. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Defining Terms Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. A. civilization __ E 1. Sumerian writing system B. city-state __ A 2. a culture that has reached a high C. polytheism level of development D. theocracy __ C 3. the worship of many gods and E. cuneiform goddesses __ B 4. villages and towns which were made up of the city and farmland around it D 5. form of government in which one __ individual ruled as both religious leader and king F. empire G. delta H. pharaoh I. pyramid J. hieroglyphics K. papyrus Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Defining Terms Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. A. civilization __ H 6. Egyptian ruler B. city-state __ J 7. a form of picture writing __ G 8. area formed from a soil deposit located at the mouth of a river __ K 9. Egyptian paper __10. Egyptian tomb I __11. group of states under one ruler F C. polytheism D. theocracy E. cuneiform F. empire G. delta H. pharaoh I. pyramid J. hieroglyphics K. papyrus Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Recalling Facts History What were the two early forms of writing, and where did they develop? The two early forms of writing were the Sumerian cuneiform and the Phoenician alphabet. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Recalling Facts (cont. ) Geography Where did most ancient Egyptians live? Why? Most ancient Egyptians lived near the Nile River and its delta because the soil there was fertile. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Recalling Facts (cont. ) Math What mathematical contributions did Egyptians make to civilization? The Egyptians developed a number system based on 10, fractions, whole numbers, and geometry. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Critical Thinking Drawing Conclusions Why were the inventions of the wheel and the sailboat important to Sumer? The wheel helped transportation and the sailboat replaced muscle power with wind power. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Critical Thinking (cont. ) Understanding Cause and Effect Why was Hammurabi’s code of laws an important development? The code of Hammurabi served as a basis for future laws. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Applying Social Studies Skills Analyzing Maps Look at the map on page 467 of your textbook. What do the locations of the towns have in common? They are located along bodies of water. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Close Create a bulletin board display about ancient Egypt with images and captions that highlight important features of the country and its people.
16 Three World Religions Guide to Reading Main Idea Three of the world’s monotheistic religions —Judaism, Christianity, and Islam— developed in Southwest Asia. Terms to Know • monotheism • disciple • covenant • five pillars of faith • prophet • hajj • messiah Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Three World Religions Guide to Reading (cont. ) Reading Strategy Create a chart like the on page 473 of your textbook. List important beliefs of each religion.
16 Three World Religions Guide to Reading (cont. ) Section Objectives • Describe the world’s three largest monotheistic religions. • Explain similarities and differences among Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Three World Religions Click the speaker button to play the audio.
16 Three World Religions Judaism • Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are major faiths that are examples of monotheism, or belief in one supreme god. • Judaism was first practiced by a small group of people in Southwest Asia called the Israelites. • The followers of Judaism today are known as Jews. • Their holy book is the Torah. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 473– 474)
16 Three World Religions Judaism (cont. ) • The Jews believe that they are God’s chosen people and will remain so for as long as they follow God’s laws. • They believe God made a covenant, or agreement, with Abraham. • The most well-known of these laws are the Ten Commandments, which were revealed to a prophet, or messenger of God, named Moses. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 473– 474)
16 Three World Religions Judaism (cont. ) • About 1000 B. C. , King David created a kingdom in the area of present-day Israel. • The capital of this kingdom was Jerusalem. • Eventually, the Jewish people spread to many countries throughout the world. • Jewish scholars, writers, artists, and scientists have greatly increased the world’s knowledge. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 473– 474)
16 Three World Religions Judaism (cont. ) • In some areas Jews have been treated with tolerance. • In other areas they have been treated cruelly. • Jews celebrate several important holy days, including Passover, Rosh Hashanah, and Yom Kippur. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 473– 474)
16 Three World Religions From whom do the Jewish people believe they are descended? According to Jewish belief, the Jews are descended from Abraham and Sarah, who first worshipped the one God, or Yahweh. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Three World Religions Christianity • Christianity arose from Judaism in Southwest Asia. • Later, it spread to non-Jews. • A Jew named Jesus began preaching in what is today Israel, the West Bank, and Jordan. • Some Jews greeted him as the Messiah, or savior, who would deliver them from the Romans. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 475– 476)
16 Three World Religions Christianity (cont. ) • Jesus was convicted of treason under Roman law and crucified outside Jerusalem. • His disciples, or followers, proclaimed he then rose from the dead. • They began preaching that Jesus was the Son of God. • The disciples spread Jesus’ teachings across the Roman world and beyond. • The holy book of the Christians is the Bible. (pages 475– 476) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Three World Religions Christianity (cont. ) • Christians were often persecuted until the Roman emperor Constantine became a Christian and proclaimed Christianity a lawful religion of the Roman Empire. • Christianity later became divided into Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox Christians. • A third group—Protestants—formed much later. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 475– 476)
16 Three World Religions Christianity (cont. ) • Christianity has more followers than any other religion. • Christian holidays include Christmas, Good Friday, and Easter. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 475– 476)
16 Three World Religions What is Easter? Easter, believed to be the day that Jesus rose from the dead, is the most important day of the Christian calendar. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Three World Religions Islam • The followers of Islam are called Muslims. • Muslims believe that Muhammad is the last and greatest prophet of Allah, or God. • Muhammad was born A. D. 570 in Makkah. • He told people there was one God, Allah, before whom all believers are equal. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 476– 477)
16 Three World Religions Islam (cont. ) • Muhammad’s message angered the rich merchants of Makkah. • In A. D. 622, Muhammad was forced to flee for safety from Makkah to Madinah. • Muhammad’s forces eventually defeated armies who came to Madinah. • Muhammad made Makkah the center of Islam. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 476– 477)
16 Three World Religions Islam (cont. ) • Over time, Muslim armies, merchants, and scholars spread the faith in Asia, North Africa, and parts of Europe. • There are two main branches of Islam: Sunnis and Shiites. • They differ on which leaders should rule in the Islamic community. • The Muslim holy book is the Quran. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 476– 477)
16 Three World Religions Islam (cont. ) • The Quran describes the five pillars of faith, or the five obligations all Muslims must fulfill. • Once in each Muslim’s life, he or she must, if able, make the hajj, or journey to Makkah to pray. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 476– 477)
16 Three World Religions What is Ramadan? Ramadan is the month, according to Muslim beliefs, in which God began to reveal the Quran to Muhammad. Muslims observe Ramadan by fasting during daylight hours. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Three World Religions Click the speaker button to play the audio.
16 Three World Religions Defining Terms Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ E 1. followers of a specific teacher A. monotheism __ C 2. messenger of God B. covenant __ A 3. belief in one supreme God C. prophet B 4. an agreement __ D. messiah D 5. savior sent by God __ E. disciple G 6. journey to Makkah __ F. five pillars of faith F 7. five obligations all Muslims must __ fulfill Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. G. hajj
16 Three World Religions Recalling Facts Religion What are the world’s three largest monotheistic religions? Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are the world’s three largest monotheistic religions. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Three World Religions Recalling Facts (cont. ) History What was the Diaspora? the scattering of Jews to different parts of the world Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Three World Religions Critical Thinking Making Comparisons How did the Ten Commandments differ from the religious laws of neighboring regions? Unlike the laws of neighboring regions, they were based on the worship of one God. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Three World Religions Critical Thinking (cont. ) Summarizing Information What are the main holy days for each of the religions discussed in this section? Judaism’s holy days are Passover, Rosh Hashanah, and Yom Kippur. Christianity’s holy days are Christmas, Good Friday, and Easter. Islam’s holy time is Ramadan. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Three World Religions Applying Social Studies Skills Analyzing Primary Sources Read the quotes in the Primary Source feature on page 475 of your textbook. Summarize each quote in your own words. Summaries for each religion should reflect the belief in good deeds. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Three World Religions Close Create a bulletin board display about the major religious holidays and observances for the different world religions. Use images and captions to explain the significance of these celebrations in selected contemporary societies. At a minimum, you should mention the major holidays of the three monotheistic religions discussed in this section.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 1: Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Main Idea The peoples of Mesopotamia and Egypt were among the first to build civilizations. • History The first civilizations developed in Mesopotamia, which was located in the Fertile Crescent. • History Early advancements in Mesopotamia, Sumer, and Babylon were in farming, writing, and government. • Geography The Egyptians depended on the Nile River for their livelihood. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 1: Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Main Idea The peoples of Mesopotamia and Egypt were among the first to build civilizations. • History Ancient Egypt is known for pharaohs, pyramids, hieroglyphics, and mummies. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 2: Three World Religions Main Idea Three of the world’s monotheistic religions —Judaism, Christianity, and Islam— developed in Southwest Asia. • History Judaism is the world’s oldest monotheistic religion. The Jew’s belief in one God was later shared by Christianity and Islam. • Religion Christians believe Jesus is the Messiah and the Son of God. • Religion Muslims are followers of Islam. Muslims believe Allah is the one God and Muhammad is the messenger. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ H 1. holy journey in Islam A. civilization __ I 2. early believer in Jesus Christ B. theocracy __ A 3. culture that has reached the level C. cuneiform of development where people can D. pharaoh specialize their skills E. polytheism __ D 4. god-king of ancient Egypt F. covenant __ E 5. believing in many gods and G. monotheism goddesses H. hajj Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. I. disciple J. city-state
16 Birthplace of Civilization Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ G 6. belief in one God A. civilization B 7. ruled by religious leader who is __ also a king B. theocracy C 8. ancient form of writing in Sumer __ __ J 9. city and its surrounding countryside __ F 10. an agreement C. cuneiform D. pharaoh E. polytheism F. covenant G. monotheism H. hajj Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. I. disciple J. city-state
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 1 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt History What was a ziggurat? a large, steplike Sumerian tower with a temple on the top Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 1 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt History Where did the earliest city-states arise? Sumer Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 1 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt History What was the world’s first known story? the Epic of Gilgamesh Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 1 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt History What concepts did we borrow from the Babylonians? the 60 -minute hour, the 60 -second minute, and the 360 -degree circle Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 1 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Culture For what two things are the Phoenicians known? widespread trading and the alphabet Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 1 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt History Who were the Asians that invaded ancient Egypt? What technology did they share? The Hykos invaded ancient Egypt. They shared the technology of bronze and iron weapons and horse-drawn chariots. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 1 Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt History Why did the Egyptians embalm their dead? to preserve the body for the afterlife Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 2 Three World Religions Religion What is the similarity between Yahweh and Allah? They are different names for God. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 2 Three World Religions Religion What was the role of the messiah in early Jewish and Christian religious belief? Some Jews believed the messiah would deliver them from the rule of the Romans. Christians believed the messiah would lead them to eternal life after death. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Section 2 Three World Religions Religion Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are similar in their belief of one supreme god. List some of the differences among the three religions. different holy books, different holy days, and different prophets Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Place Location Activity Match the letters on the map with the numbered places listed below. B 1. Persian Gulf ___ F 2. Lower Egypt ___ I 3. Euphrates ___ River ___ D 4. Mediterranean Sea ___ J 5. Nile River G 6. Israel ___ C 7. Upper Egypt ___ H 8. Saudi Arabia E 9. Makkah ___ (Mecca) A 10. Jerusalem ___ Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Standardized Test Practice Directions: Study the map below and answer the question on the following slide.
16 Birthplace of Civilization Standardized Test Practice 1. What characteristic did the first Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations share? A They were established in the same year. B Both civilizations began in North Africa. C They both developed on the banks of rivers. D People in both civilizations relied on hunting to obtain food. Test-Taking Tip: When you answer a map question, do not rely on your memory of the map. Instead, check each answer choice against the information on the map and get rid of answer choices that are incorrect. Eliminating even one wrong choice will help you locate the correct answer. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
16 Birthplace of Civilization What provided the key that unlocked the meaning of hieroglyphics? the Rosetta Stone Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Explore online information about the topics introduced in this chapter. Click on the Connect button to launch your browser and go to The World and Its People Web site. Click on Chapter 16 -Chapter Overviews to preview information about this chapter. When you finish exploring, exit the browser program to return to this presentation. If you experience difficulty connecting to the Web site, manually launch your Web browser and go to http: //www. glencoe. com/sec/socialstudies
Maps Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt Jerusalem Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slide.
Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt
Jerusalem
One of the most important technological achievements of the Sumerians was the invention of the wheel. Before wheeled carts were invented, goods were carried by boats or donkeys. The first wheels were made from solid wood, but eventually spokes were designed to reduce the weight.
The Quran, the holy book of Islam, is believed to be the exact and precise word of God, revealed to Muhammad by the angel Gabriel over a period of approximately 23 years. Although the Quran has been translated into many languages, only the original Arabic is considered the literal word of Allah.
The Rosetta Stone Language experts only learned to read hieroglyphics in the early 1800 s. During the French ruler Napoleon’s invasion of Egypt, a French soldier found what seemed to be a very old stone tablet near the town of Rosetta. This stone tablet provided the key that cracked the code fro hieroglyphics. The Rosetta Stone had the same message written three times—in a form of Egyptian writing called Demotic, in Greek, and in hieroglyphics. Because both the Demotic and Greek could be read, scientists in 1821 were finally able to put meanings to the symbols used in hieroglyphics.
Using Library Resources Your teacher has assigned a major research report, so you go to the library. As you wander the aisles surrounded by books, you wonder: Where do I start my research? Which reference tools should I use? Learning the Skill Libraries contain many resources. Here are brief descriptions of important ones: Encyclopedia: set of books containing short articles on many subjects arranged alphabetically Biographical Dictionary: brief biographies listed alphabetically by last names Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Using Library Resources Learning the Skill Libraries contain many resources. Here are brief descriptions of important ones: Atlas: collection of maps and charts Almanac: reference updated yearly that provides current statistics and historical information on a wide range of subjects Card Catalog: listing of every book in the library, either on cards or on a computer database; search for books by author, subject, or title Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Using Library Resources Learning the Skill Libraries contain many resources. Here are brief descriptions of important ones: Periodical Guide: set of books listing topics covered in magazines and newspaper articles Computer Database: collections of information organized for rapid search and retrieval World Wide Web: collection of information on the Internet accessed with a Web browser (Caution: Some information may not be reliable. ) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Using Library Resources Practicing the Skill Suppose you are assigned a research report dealing with Islam. Read the questions below, and then decide which of the resources listed here you would use to answer each question and why. 1. During which years did Muhammad lead Muslims? encyclopedia, biographical dictionary 2. What is the current number of Muslims in the world today? almanac or World Wide Web Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Using Library Resources Practicing the Skill Suppose you are assigned a research report dealing with Islam. Read the questions below, and then decide which of the resources listed here you would use to answer each question and why. 3. What was Muhammad’s early life like? What happened to the Islamic religion after he died? encyclopedia or biographical dictionary Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
The Egyptian Pyramids The ancient Egyptians viewed the pharaoh, or king, as the most important person on the earth. They believed he was a god who would continue to guide them after his death. A pyramid served as a tomb for the pharaoh and provided a place where the body would safely pass into the afterlife. Rooms inside the pyramid held food, clothing, weapons, furniture, jewels, and everything else the pharaoh might need in the afterlife. Read the text on page 472 of your textbook and answer the questions on the Click the mouse button or press the following slides. Space Bar to display the information.
The Egyptian Pyramids 1. Why did the Egyptians build the pyramids? Egyptians built the pyramids to provide a tomb for the pharaoh and a safe place for the pharaoh to pass into the afterlife. 2. How many workers did ancient historians and modern archaeologists each think it took to build the Great Pyramid? In the fifth century B. C. , Greeks thought it took 100, 000 people to build the Great Pyramid. Now experts think it took about 20, 000. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
The Egyptian Pyramids 3. Sequencing Information Describe the process experts think Egyptians used to build the pyramids. Workers cut stones from nearby quarries, carved them into shape, and pulled them up ramps to the pyramid site. Builders extended the ramps up the sides of the pyramid to carry rocks to the top. After they reached the top, the ramps were cleared away. Stonemasons smoothed and polished the stones. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Daily Focus Skills Transparencies Birthplace of Civilization – Section 1 Birthplace of Civilization – Section 2 Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slide.
Birthplace of Civilization – Section 1 Daily Focus Skills Transparencies Answer: B Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Birthplace of Civilization – Section 2 Daily Focus Skills Transparencies Jumada al-Aula Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Geo. Quiz Transparencies and Activities Southwest Asia – Physical Southwest Asia – Political Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slide.
Southwest Asia — Physical Geo. Quiz Directions: Identify each location that is marked by a letter on the map. Write the correct letter next to the appropriate location below. ____ J Red Sea ____ B Euphrates River ____ F Zagros Mountains ____ H Hindu Kush ____ C Rub al Khali ____ A Taurus Mountains ____ D Persian Gulf ____ E Tigris River ____ G Arabian Sea ____ I Mt. Ararat Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Southwest Asia — Political Geo. Quiz Directions: Identify each location that is marked by a letter on the map. Write the correct letter next to the appropriate location below. ____ C Turkey ____ I Afghanistan ____ J Makkah ____ F Syria ____ D Baghdad ____ A Jerusalem ____ G Saudi Arabia ____ B Iran ____ E Jordan ____ H Kuwait Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
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