Chapter 15 Section 2 The Second New Deal

Chapter 15 Section 2 The Second New Deal Takes Hold Main Idea: The Second New Deal included new programs to extend federal aid and stimulate the nation’s economy.

The Second 100 Days Build on previous programs Economy had improved but not enough Unemployment remained high Second New Deal called on Congress to provide more extensive relief for both farmers and workers

ELEANOR ROOSEVELT Social Reformer Deep Humanitarian Great Political Skills Traveled the country observing social conditions Urged her husband to appoint women to government positions

1936 ELECTION Republican Alfred Landon (Gov of Kansas) Democrat FDR Overwhelming victory for Democrats

HELPING FARMERS 2 out of every five farms were mortgaged AAA struck down by Congress but was replaced with another law Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act – Paid farmers for cutting production of soil depleting crops

ROOSEVELT EXTENDS RELIEF Extends 2 nd New Deal to help youth and professionals WPA (Works Progress Administration)-headed by Harry Hopkins WPA created as many jobs as quickly as possible 1935 -1943 spent 11 billion to give jobs Airports, roads, streets, public buildings

NATIONAL YOUTH ASSOCIATION Provided… –Education –Jobs –Counseling –Recreation for young people –Part time jobs for students

Improving Labor and Other Reforms Wagner Act- Sponsor Senator Robert F. Wagner –Reestablished the NIRA provision of collective bargaining –Protected the rights of workers to join unions –Prohibited unfair labor practices such as firing and threatening union members

–Fair Labor Standards Actset maximum hours at 44 hours per week and minimum wages at 25 cents an hour and increasing to 40 cents by 1945 –Also prohibited hazardous work for those under 18

THE SOCIAL SECURITY ACT 1. 2. 3. Passed in 1935, created by Frances Perkins Act had 3 major parts Old Age insurance for retirees 65 or older and their spouses Unemployment compensation system Aid to families with dependent children and the disabled. (SEE PAGE 501)

EXPANDING AND REGULATING UTILITIES Rural Electrification Administration-financed and worked with electrical cooperatives to bring electricity to isolated areas 1945 - 48% of America’s farms had electricity Public Utility Holding Company Act 1935

CONCLUSION As the New Deal struggled to help farmers and other workers to overcome the Great Depression, it assisted many different groups in the nation, including women, African Americans and Native Americans.