Chapter 15 Refraction Section 1 Refraction Refraction of

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Chapter 15 Refraction

Chapter 15 Refraction

Section 1 Refraction

Section 1 Refraction

Refraction of Light • Is the bending of a wave disturbance as it passes

Refraction of Light • Is the bending of a wave disturbance as it passes (at an angle) from one medium into another • Occurs because velocity changes

Refraction

Refraction

Refraction of Light • If the light ray moves from a lower speed material

Refraction of Light • If the light ray moves from a lower speed material to higher speed material, it will bend away from the normal. • If the light ray moves from a higher speed material to lower speed material, it will bend toward the normal. • No refraction occurs if the ray enters the new material parallel to the normal.

Refraction

Refraction

Refraction of Light – Snell’s Law • Index of Refraction: ratio of vvacuum to

Refraction of Light – Snell’s Law • Index of Refraction: ratio of vvacuum to vmedium n = c/v n = λo / λn Wavelength affects the index of refraction

Refraction of Light Snell’s Law: ni(sin θi) = nr(sin θr)

Refraction of Light Snell’s Law: ni(sin θi) = nr(sin θr)

Refraction of Light

Refraction of Light

Refraction of Light

Refraction of Light

Section 2 Thin Lenses

Section 2 Thin Lenses

Lenses What is a lens? a transparent object that refracts light rays, causing them

Lenses What is a lens? a transparent object that refracts light rays, causing them to converge or diverge to create an image The curved surfaces change the direction of light – refraction occurs at each surface (front/back)

Types of Lenses Converging Lenses (Convex) – thicker in center Diverging Lenses (Concave) –

Types of Lenses Converging Lenses (Convex) – thicker in center Diverging Lenses (Concave) – thinner in center Where does bad light end up?

Types of Lenses - Continued Combination Lenses In prism

Types of Lenses - Continued Combination Lenses In prism

Lenses – Ray Drawings – 3 Rays Parallel Ray: is incident parallel to principal

Lenses – Ray Drawings – 3 Rays Parallel Ray: is incident parallel to principal axis; refracts through to focal point Central Ray: incident through center of lens; travels straight through lens Focal Ray: incident through the focal point; refracts parallel to principal axis What do you call someone who studies physics?

Ray Drawings – Addressing Refraction A physician

Ray Drawings – Addressing Refraction A physician

Lenses – Ray Drawings – 3 Rays Parallel Ray: is incident parallel to principal

Lenses – Ray Drawings – 3 Rays Parallel Ray: is incident parallel to principal axis; refracts through to focal point Central Ray: incident through center of lens; travels straight through lens Focal Ray: incident through the focal point; refracts parallel to principal axis Who’s the sickest rapper alive?

Image Location for a Converging Lens Wheeze Khalafa

Image Location for a Converging Lens Wheeze Khalafa

Image Location for a Converging Lens Note distance verbage (p, q, f) and Image/Object

Image Location for a Converging Lens Note distance verbage (p, q, f) and Image/Object Identification

Image Location for a Diverging Lenses produce only VIRTUAL IMAGES

Image Location for a Diverging Lenses produce only VIRTUAL IMAGES

Thin-Lens Equation and Magnification Hail to the vectors

Thin-Lens Equation and Magnification Hail to the vectors

Thin Lens Combinations The image from lens 1 becomes the object for lens 2

Thin Lens Combinations The image from lens 1 becomes the object for lens 2 Go ions

Section 3 Optical Phenomena

Section 3 Optical Phenomena

Total Internal Reflection nisin θc = nrsin 90 o but ni must be >

Total Internal Reflection nisin θc = nrsin 90 o but ni must be > nr so, to determine critical angle: θc = sin -1 (nr/ni)

Total Internal Reflection

Total Internal Reflection

Total Internal Reflection

Total Internal Reflection

Total Internal Reflection

Total Internal Reflection

Total Internal Reflection

Total Internal Reflection

Total Internal Reflection - Applications • Diamonds • Fiber Optics

Total Internal Reflection - Applications • Diamonds • Fiber Optics

Atmospheric Refraction

Atmospheric Refraction

Atmospheric Refraction

Atmospheric Refraction

Atmospheric Refraction

Atmospheric Refraction

Dispersion

Dispersion

Dispersion

Dispersion

Dispersion

Dispersion

Lens Aberrations

Lens Aberrations

Lens Aberrations

Lens Aberrations

Lens Aberrations

Lens Aberrations

Eyes and Microscopes Optical Interests

Eyes and Microscopes Optical Interests

Visual Conditions – Snellen Chart

Visual Conditions – Snellen Chart

Visual Conditions – Snellen Chart

Visual Conditions – Snellen Chart

Visual Conditions

Visual Conditions

Visual Conditions (presbyopia)

Visual Conditions (presbyopia)

Microscopes

Microscopes