Chapter 14 Section 1 Expansion of American Industry

Chapter 14 Section 1 Expansion of American Industry: A Technological Revolution

1. Make a list of technological advances that occurred in each of the following categories 2. Describe how advances in each category worked to promoter industrial growth in the U. S.

Transportation n Transcontinental Railroad

How did the Transcontinental Railroad promote industrial growth? Could carry goods and passengers from coast to coast n Improved the safety air brakes n Telegraph system helped in communication with moving of trains and reduced the risk of collison n Created jobs n

Communication n Telegraph n Telephone

How did the Communication promote industrial growth? n Telegraph: wires n Telephone: could send messages over people able to communicate and hear one another

Energy n Electricity

How did the Electricity promote industrial growth? n General Electric and Westinghouse Electric companies created n These companies encouraged the spread of the use of electricity in homes and businesses

Steel Manufacture n Bessemer Process n Mass production

How did the Steel Manufacture promote industrial growth? n Bessemer Process made it much easier and cheaper to remove the impurities n With Bessemer Process made it easier to mass produce products

Positive and Negative effects of Transportation in American Society in the U. S n Positive – Time Zone (schedules) created in towns and clocks were set to them – Shipping cost dropped n Negative – Trains were noisy, dirty and uncomfortable for travelers – Huge engines with spewing smoke and cinder through countryside (pollution)

Positive and Negative effects of Communication in American Society in the U. S. n Positive n Negative – People are able to communicate by messages with telegraph – People are able to talk and hear voices directly instead of having to send a letter and wait for response – Not all areas were able to get wires into towns or houses – At first telephones lines could only connect 2 placeshome and business: Central Switchboards linked homes and business and whole cities

Positive and Negative effects of Energy in American Society in the U. S. n Positive n Negative – Refrigerators possible which reduced spoilage and the need to cut and distribute ice – Rapid growth of ready made clothing – People could stay up longer and have a family life – Loss of jobs powered by early sewing machines by push pedals – Not all areas had electricity: Rural areas went without for decades – Many could not afford the appliances that ran on electricity (extra expense)

Positive and Negative effects of Energy in American Society in the U. S. n Positive – Bessemer Process made it possible to build bridges, skyscrapers and subways – NYC status grew: business and population n Negative – Death and injuries from explosion and fires were common