Chapter 14 Review The Behavior of Gases Chapter

Chapter 14 Review “The Behavior of Gases”

Chapter 14 Review n Charles’s law states that ____. n As the temperature of a fixed volume of a gas increases, the pressure will ____. n Which gas law can be used to calculate the number of moles of a contained gas? n If a sealed syringe is plunged into cold water, in which direction will the syringe piston slide?

Chapter 14 Review n An ideal gas CANNOT be ____. n If the atmospheric pressure on Mt. Everest is one-third the atmospheric pressure at sea level, the partial pressure of oxygen on Everest is __. n Boyle’s law states that ____ n Which of the following atoms would have the greatest velocity if each atom had the same kinetic energy: a) ammonia, or b) hydrogen?

Chapter 14 Review n Why does air escape from a tire when the tire valve is opened? n The tendency of molecules to move toward areas of lower concentration is called ____. n What happens to the pressure of a gas inside a container if the temperature of the gas decreases?

Chapter 14 Review n Which of the following gases will effuse the most rapidly: a) chlorine, or b) hydrogen? n How does the gas propellant move when an aerosol can is used? n Under what conditions of temperature and pressure is the behavior of real gases most like that of ideal gases?

Chapter 14 Review n If a sealed syringe is heated, in which direction will the syringe plunger move? n The volume of a gas is doubled while the temperature is held constant. How does the gas pressure change? n What does the ideal gas law allow a scientist to calculate that the other gas laws do not?

Chapter 14 Review n How is the ideal gas law usually written? n The combined gas law relates which items together? n If a balloon is squeezed, what happens to the pressure of the gas inside the balloon? n Which of the following gases is the best choice for inflating a balloon that must remain inflated for a long period of time: a) argon, or b) hydrogen?

Chapter 14 Review n At low temperatures and pressures, how does the volume of a real gas compare with the volume of an ideal gas under the same conditions? n If the volume of a container of gas is reduced, what will happen to the pressure inside the container? n In general, for a gas at a constant volume, the pressure of the gas is ____ proportional to its kelvin temperature.

Chapter 14 Review n At high pressures, how does the volume of a real gas compare with the volume of an ideal gas under the same conditions? n Why does the pressure inside a container of gas increase if more gas is added to the container? n Why is a gas easier to compress than a liquid or a solid?

Chapter 14 Review n The gaseous product of a reaction is collected in a 25. 0 L container at 27 o. C. The pressure in the container is 300. 0 k. Pa and the gas has a mass of 96. 0 g. How many moles of the gas are in the container?

Chapter 14 Review n. A balloon filled with helium has a volume of 30. 0 L at a pressure of 100 k. Pa and a temperature of 15. 0 o. C. What will the volume of the balloon be if the temperature is increased to 80. 0 o. C and the pressure remains constant?

Chapter 14 Review n The volume of a gas is 250 m. L at 340. 0 k. Pa pressure. What will the volume be when the pressure is reduced to 50. 0 k. Pa, assuming the temperature remains constant? n A gas occupies a volume of 140 m. L at 35. 0 o. C and 97 k. Pa. What is the volume of the gas at STP?

Chapter 14 Review n. A gas has a volume of 590 m. L at a temperature of -55. 0 o. C. What volume will the gas occupy if the temperature changes to 30. 0 o. C? n What is the pressure exerted by 32 g of O 2 in a 22. 0 L container at 30. 0 o. C?

Chapter 14 Review n. A rigid container of O 2 has a pressure of 340 k. Pa at a temperature of 713 K. What is the pressure at 273 K? n A gas has a pressure of 710 k. Pa at 227 o. C. What will its pressure be at 27 o. C, if the volume does not change?

Chapter 14 Review n Use Graham’s law to calculate how much faster fluorine gas (F 2) will effuse than chlorine gas (Cl 2). Use the molar mass of F 2 = 38. 0; the molar mass of Cl 2 = 70. 9. n A gas storage tank has a volume of 3. 5 x 105 m 3 when the temperature is 27 o. C and the pressure is 101 k. Pa. What is the new volume of the tank if the temperature drops to -10 o. C and the pressure drops to 95 k. Pa?

Chapter 14 Review n. A 10 g mass of krypton occupies 15. 0 L at a pressure of 210 k. Pa. Find the volume of the krypton when the pressure is increased to 790 k. Pa. n A mixture of gases at a total pressure of 95 k. Pa contains N 2, CO 2, and O 2. The partial pressure of the CO 2 is 24 k. Pa and the partial pressure of the N 2 is 48 k. Pa. What is the partial pressure of the O 2?

Chapter 14 Review n How many moles of N 2 are in a flask with a volume of 250 m. L at a pressure of 300. 0 k. Pa and a temperature of 300. 0 K?