Chapter 14 repeat Hydrolysis of fat saponification Micelle

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Chapter 14 repeat

Chapter 14 repeat

Hydrolysis of fat (saponification)

Hydrolysis of fat (saponification)

Micelle formation (soap action)

Micelle formation (soap action)

Detergents

Detergents

Condensation polymers PETE PEN

Condensation polymers PETE PEN

Condensation Polymers • Polyesters are condensation polymers • They are formed by eliminating a

Condensation Polymers • Polyesters are condensation polymers • They are formed by eliminating a small molecule (e. g. , H 2 O) when combining: – Diacid – Diol 14. 2 Esters • Each of the combining molecules has two reactive functional groups, highlighted in red

Polethylene terphthalate, PETE Terphthalic acid 1, 2 -ethanediol PETE is used in: • Mylar

Polethylene terphthalate, PETE Terphthalic acid 1, 2 -ethanediol PETE is used in: • Mylar • Plastic bottles • Polyester fabric Continued condensation at each end Repeating unit of the polymer

PEN

PEN

Polymers

Polymers

14. 4 Nature’s High Energy Compounds: Phosphoesters and Thioesters 15 • Phosphoric acid reacts

14. 4 Nature’s High Energy Compounds: Phosphoesters and Thioesters 15 • Phosphoric acid reacts with alcohols to produce a phosphate ester or phosphoester • The ester can then react with a second or third acid to give phosphoric acid anhydrides • ADP and ATP of biochemistry fame are important examples of phosphate esters

Phosphoesters and Thioesters 14. 4 Nature’s High Energy Compounds: Phosphoric Acid Esters Ester bond

Phosphoesters and Thioesters 14. 4 Nature’s High Energy Compounds: Phosphoric Acid Esters Ester bond Anhydride bonds

Phosphate esters

Phosphate esters

14. 4 Nature’s High Energy Compounds: Phosphoesters and Thioesters • In biochemistry, acetyl coenzyme

14. 4 Nature’s High Energy Compounds: Phosphoesters and Thioesters • In biochemistry, acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl Co. A-SH) reacts with acyl groups to “activate” them for further biological reaction by forming a thioester

Pheromones

Pheromones

Pain killers

Pain killers

Painkillers and pheromones

Painkillers and pheromones

17. 2 Fatty Acids Structures of Four Prostaglandins

17. 2 Fatty Acids Structures of Four Prostaglandins

Prostaglandin synthesis

Prostaglandin synthesis

Prostaglandins

Prostaglandins