Chapter 14 Gases Ideal Gas Law PVn RT
![Chapter 14 Gases Chapter 14 Gases](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-1.jpg)
![Ideal Gas Law PV=n. RT Describes the physical behavior of an ideal gas in Ideal Gas Law PV=n. RT Describes the physical behavior of an ideal gas in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-2.jpg)
![Ideal Gas Law and understanding units • PV= n. RT • P = Pressure Ideal Gas Law and understanding units • PV= n. RT • P = Pressure](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-3.jpg)
![R- Ideal Gas Constant R- Ideal Gas Constant](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-4.jpg)
![Conversion Factors • P= atm • V= L • n= mol • T= K Conversion Factors • P= atm • V= L • n= mol • T= K](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-5.jpg)
![Avogadro’s Principle • Rule only applies at ideal conditions (Standard Temperature and Pressure or Avogadro’s Principle • Rule only applies at ideal conditions (Standard Temperature and Pressure or](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-6.jpg)
![Molar Volume • Molar Volume •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-7.jpg)
![Using the Ideal Gas Law • What do you really need to know to Using the Ideal Gas Law • What do you really need to know to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-8.jpg)
![Ideal Gas Law Examples (PV = n. RT) • 6. 2 liters of an Ideal Gas Law Examples (PV = n. RT) • 6. 2 liters of an](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-9.jpg)
![Ideal Gas Law Examples • You fill a rigid metal container with a volume Ideal Gas Law Examples • You fill a rigid metal container with a volume](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-10.jpg)
![Changing Conditions Problems Where did the Ideal Gas Law come from? Changing Conditions Problems Where did the Ideal Gas Law come from?](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-11.jpg)
![Changing Conditions • Changing Conditions •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-12.jpg)
![Changing Conditions • What can you do when variable are held constant during changing Changing Conditions • What can you do when variable are held constant during changing](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-13.jpg)
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![Boyles Law Relationship Between Pressure and Volume P 1 V 1 = P 2 Boyles Law Relationship Between Pressure and Volume P 1 V 1 = P 2](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-15.jpg)
![Boyles Law • Used to find volumes of gases • States the volume of Boyles Law • Used to find volumes of gases • States the volume of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-16.jpg)
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![Boyles Law Equation • Boyles Law Equation •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-18.jpg)
![Boyles Law Example • A gas tank holds 2785 L of propane, C 3 Boyles Law Example • A gas tank holds 2785 L of propane, C 3](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-19.jpg)
![Boyles Law Example • A balloon contains 7. 2 L of He. The pressure Boyles Law Example • A balloon contains 7. 2 L of He. The pressure](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-20.jpg)
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![Charles Law Examples • A 600 m. L sample of nitrogen is heated from Charles Law Examples • A 600 m. L sample of nitrogen is heated from](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-24.jpg)
![Gay- Lussac’s Law Gay- Lussac’s Law](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-25.jpg)
![Gay- Lussac’s Law • Gay- Lussac’s Law •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-26.jpg)
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![Gay- Lussac’s Law Example • A 20 -liter cylinder contains 6 atmospheres (atm) of Gay- Lussac’s Law Example • A 20 -liter cylinder contains 6 atmospheres (atm) of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-28.jpg)
![Combined Gas Law Combined Gas Law](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-29.jpg)
![Combined Gas Law • Combined Gas Law •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-30.jpg)
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![Combined Gas Law Example • Find the volume of a gas at STP when Combined Gas Law Example • Find the volume of a gas at STP when](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-32.jpg)
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- Slides: 33
![Chapter 14 Gases Chapter 14 Gases](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-1.jpg)
Chapter 14 Gases
![Ideal Gas Law PVn RT Describes the physical behavior of an ideal gas in Ideal Gas Law PV=n. RT Describes the physical behavior of an ideal gas in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-2.jpg)
Ideal Gas Law PV=n. RT Describes the physical behavior of an ideal gas in the following terms: pressure, volume, temperature, and number of mols.
![Ideal Gas Law and understanding units PV n RT P Pressure Ideal Gas Law and understanding units • PV= n. RT • P = Pressure](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-3.jpg)
Ideal Gas Law and understanding units • PV= n. RT • P = Pressure (atmospheres or atm) • V = Volume (Liters or L) • n = moles • R = Ideal Gas Constant • T = Temperature (Kalvin or K)
![R Ideal Gas Constant R- Ideal Gas Constant](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-4.jpg)
R- Ideal Gas Constant
![Conversion Factors P atm V L n mol T K Conversion Factors • P= atm • V= L • n= mol • T= K](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-5.jpg)
Conversion Factors • P= atm • V= L • n= mol • T= K 101. 3 k. Pa = 1 atm 1000 m. L = 1 L g mol conversion Degrees C + 273 K
![Avogadros Principle Rule only applies at ideal conditions Standard Temperature and Pressure or Avogadro’s Principle • Rule only applies at ideal conditions (Standard Temperature and Pressure or](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-6.jpg)
Avogadro’s Principle • Rule only applies at ideal conditions (Standard Temperature and Pressure or STP) • States that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles.
![Molar Volume Molar Volume •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-7.jpg)
Molar Volume •
![Using the Ideal Gas Law What do you really need to know to Using the Ideal Gas Law • What do you really need to know to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-8.jpg)
Using the Ideal Gas Law • What do you really need to know to use the ideal gas law? 1. Use the correct units 2. Use conversion factors 3. Algebra
![Ideal Gas Law Examples PV n RT 6 2 liters of an Ideal Gas Law Examples (PV = n. RT) • 6. 2 liters of an](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-9.jpg)
Ideal Gas Law Examples (PV = n. RT) • 6. 2 liters of an ideal gas are contained at 3. 0 atm and 37 °C. How many moles of this gas are present? • P= 3 atm • V= 6. 2 L • n= ? • R= Ideal Gas Constant= 0. 0821 • T= 37 degrees C = 37+273= 310 K
![Ideal Gas Law Examples You fill a rigid metal container with a volume Ideal Gas Law Examples • You fill a rigid metal container with a volume](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-10.jpg)
Ideal Gas Law Examples • You fill a rigid metal container with a volume of 20. 0 L with nitrogen gas to a pressure of 197 atm at 301 K. How many mols of gas are present in the container?
![Changing Conditions Problems Where did the Ideal Gas Law come from Changing Conditions Problems Where did the Ideal Gas Law come from?](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-11.jpg)
Changing Conditions Problems Where did the Ideal Gas Law come from?
![Changing Conditions Changing Conditions •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-12.jpg)
Changing Conditions •
![Changing Conditions What can you do when variable are held constant during changing Changing Conditions • What can you do when variable are held constant during changing](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-13.jpg)
Changing Conditions • What can you do when variable are held constant during changing conditions?
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![Boyles Law Relationship Between Pressure and Volume P 1 V 1 P 2 Boyles Law Relationship Between Pressure and Volume P 1 V 1 = P 2](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-15.jpg)
Boyles Law Relationship Between Pressure and Volume P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2
![Boyles Law Used to find volumes of gases States the volume of Boyles Law • Used to find volumes of gases • States the volume of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-16.jpg)
Boyles Law • Used to find volumes of gases • States the volume of a fixed amount of gas held at a constant temperature varies inversely with the pressure. • Key Points • Constant temperature • Fixed amount of gas (fixed number of molecules) • What does “Inversely” mean?
![Boyles Law Boyles Law](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-17.jpg)
Boyles Law
![Boyles Law Equation Boyles Law Equation •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-18.jpg)
Boyles Law Equation •
![Boyles Law Example A gas tank holds 2785 L of propane C 3 Boyles Law Example • A gas tank holds 2785 L of propane, C 3](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-19.jpg)
Boyles Law Example • A gas tank holds 2785 L of propane, C 3 H 8, at 1. 09 atm. What is the volume of the propane at standard pressure?
![Boyles Law Example A balloon contains 7 2 L of He The pressure Boyles Law Example • A balloon contains 7. 2 L of He. The pressure](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-20.jpg)
Boyles Law Example • A balloon contains 7. 2 L of He. The pressure is reduced to 2. 00 atm and the balloon expands to occupy a volume of 25. 1 L. What was the initial pressure exerted on the balloon?
![Charles Law Charles Law](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-21.jpg)
Charles Law
![Charles Law Charles Law •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-22.jpg)
Charles Law •
![Charles Law Charles Law](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-23.jpg)
Charles Law
![Charles Law Examples A 600 m L sample of nitrogen is heated from Charles Law Examples • A 600 m. L sample of nitrogen is heated from](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-24.jpg)
Charles Law Examples • A 600 m. L sample of nitrogen is heated from 27 °C to 77 °C at constant pressure. • What is the final volume in L?
![Gay Lussacs Law Gay- Lussac’s Law](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-25.jpg)
Gay- Lussac’s Law
![Gay Lussacs Law Gay- Lussac’s Law •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-26.jpg)
Gay- Lussac’s Law •
![Gay Lussacs Law Gay- Lussac’s Law](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-27.jpg)
Gay- Lussac’s Law
![Gay Lussacs Law Example A 20 liter cylinder contains 6 atmospheres atm of Gay- Lussac’s Law Example • A 20 -liter cylinder contains 6 atmospheres (atm) of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-28.jpg)
Gay- Lussac’s Law Example • A 20 -liter cylinder contains 6 atmospheres (atm) of gas at 27 C. What would the pressure of the gas be if the gas was heated to 77 C?
![Combined Gas Law Combined Gas Law](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-29.jpg)
Combined Gas Law
![Combined Gas Law Combined Gas Law •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-30.jpg)
Combined Gas Law •
![Combined Gas Law Combined Gas Law](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-31.jpg)
Combined Gas Law
![Combined Gas Law Example Find the volume of a gas at STP when Combined Gas Law Example • Find the volume of a gas at STP when](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-32.jpg)
Combined Gas Law Example • Find the volume of a gas at STP when 2. 00 liters is collected at 0. 98684 atm and 25. 0 °C.
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4d000f5e8aa043a8cdeebe8d98d05b69/image-33.jpg)
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