Chapter 14 Designing and Implementing a Data Collection

Data Collection Plan—Basic Decision Use of: • Existing data § Records (e. g. ,

Developing a Data Collection Plan for Quantitative Studies Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health

Dimensions of Data Collection Approaches • Structure • Quantifiability • Researcher obtrusiveness • Objectivity

Major Types of Data Collection Methods • Self-reports • Observation • Biophysiologic measures Copyright

Converting Qualitative and Quantitative Data • Using quantitative data qualitatively— qualitizing the data •

Major Steps in Developing a Data Collection Plan—Quantitative Studies • Identify data needs •

Identifying Data Needs Examples include data needed to: • Test hypotheses or answer research

Identifying Data Needs (cont’d) • Perform manipulation checks • Secure administrative information • Understand

Factors That May Affect Decisions in Selecting an Instrument • Resources • Availability and

Implementing the Data Collection Plan in Quantitative Studies • Select research personnel for data

Field Issues in Qualitative Studies • Gaining trust • Pace of data collection •

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Data Collection Plan—Basic Decision Use of: • Existing data § Records (e. g. , patient charts) § Historical data § Existing data set for secondary analysis • New data, collected specifically for research purposes Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Converting Qualitative and Quantitative Data • Using quantitative data qualitatively— qualitizing the data • Using qualitative data quantitatively— quantitizing the data Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Major Steps in Developing a Data Collection Plan—Quantitative Studies • Identify data needs • Select data collection approach and types of measures • Select, adapt, or develop specific instruments • Pretest the instrument package • Develop data collection forms and procedures Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Identifying Data Needs Examples include data needed to: • Test hypotheses or answer research questions • Describe sample characteristics • Control extraneous variables • Analyze potential biases Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Identifying Data Needs (cont’d) • Perform manipulation checks • Secure administrative information • Understand subgroup differences • Help interpret results Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Factors That May Affect Decisions in Selecting an Instrument • Resources • Availability and familiarity of instrument • Norms and comparability • Population appropriateness • Administration issues (special requirements) • Reputation of instrument Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Implementing the Data Collection Plan in Quantitative Studies • Select research personnel for data collection (e. g. , interviewers, observers) • Train data collectors • Collect data using formal instruments and procedures Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Field Issues in Qualitative Studies • Gaining trust • Pace of data collection • Emotional involvement with participants • Reflexivity Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins