Chapter 14 1 Waves Types of Waves Waves

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Chapter 14 -1 Waves Types of Waves

Chapter 14 -1 Waves Types of Waves

Waves: n A repeating disturbance in a solid liquid or gas

Waves: n A repeating disturbance in a solid liquid or gas

Waves and Matter n n n Waves don’t carry the water along with them.

Waves and Matter n n n Waves don’t carry the water along with them. Only the energy carried by the waves moves forward. Waves - Carry energy without transporting matter

Mechanical Waves n Mechanical Waves – Require a medium (Solid, liquid, and gas)

Mechanical Waves n Mechanical Waves – Require a medium (Solid, liquid, and gas)

Electromagnetic Waves n n n Electromagnetic Waves – Light Waves – Do not require

Electromagnetic Waves n n n Electromagnetic Waves – Light Waves – Do not require a medium

Types of Waves: n Transverse Waves – Particles of the medium move perpendicular to

Types of Waves: n Transverse Waves – Particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction the wave is moving n n Up and down Light Waves

Longitudinal Waves n Waves where the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the

Longitudinal Waves n Waves where the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction the wave is traveling. n n Slinky Sound Waves

Sound Waves n n n Sound waves are longitudinal waves. Travel in a spherical

Sound Waves n n n Sound waves are longitudinal waves. Travel in a spherical motion Can travel through a medium

Seismic Waves n The breaking crust vibrates, creating seismic waves that carry energy outward.

Seismic Waves n The breaking crust vibrates, creating seismic waves that carry energy outward.

Seismic Waves n Seismic Waves – transverse and longitudinal

Seismic Waves n Seismic Waves – transverse and longitudinal

Surface Waves: n Water Waves n n n Occur at the boundary between two

Surface Waves: n Water Waves n n n Occur at the boundary between two mediums Move both parallel and perpendicular Particles move in a circle

Characteristics of Waves: n Sine Curves – Transverse Waves n Looks like an “S”

Characteristics of Waves: n Sine Curves – Transverse Waves n Looks like an “S” laying on its side

Parts of a Wave: n Crest – Top of a wave n Trough –

Parts of a Wave: n Crest – Top of a wave n Trough – Bottom of Wave n n Amplitude – Height of Wavelength – Length of the wave – Crest to Crest or Trough to Trough n Symbol = λ (Greek letter lambda)

Parts of a Wave: n n Compression – Longitudinal Wave – Particles are crunched

Parts of a Wave: n n Compression – Longitudinal Wave – Particles are crunched together Rarefactions – Longitudinal Waves – Particles are spread out

Parts of a Wave: n Frequency – The number of cycles or vibrations per

Parts of a Wave: n Frequency – The number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time. Symbol = f n Measured in Hertz (Hz) n Frequency = _1__ n Period

Wave Speed: n n n Speed = Distance ÷ Time Wave Speed = Wavelength

Wave Speed: n n n Speed = Distance ÷ Time Wave Speed = Wavelength ÷ Period Wave Speed = Frequency x Wavelength V=λ÷T n V = f x λ n

Wave Speed: n Wave speed depends on the medium Waves travel faster in solids

Wave Speed: n Wave speed depends on the medium Waves travel faster in solids n Waves are the slowest in gasses n

Vibrations and Waves: n n Simple Harmonic Motion – Wave or vibration continues to

Vibrations and Waves: n n Simple Harmonic Motion – Wave or vibration continues to move up and down Damped Harmonic Motion – Wave or vibration fades out as energy is transferred from one object to another.

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