Chapter 13 Section 4 Notes The Harlem Renaissance

Chapter 13 Section 4 Notes The Harlem Renaissance

African – Americans in the 1920 s l Culture and Ideas Begin to Spread. l WHY? = Great Migration l movement of A-A’s from the South to the North between 1910 & 1920 l l due to WWI and jobs in factories by 1920, 40% of A-A’s lived in cities l 25 race riots at the end of the war

l Getting Organized l NAACP founded in 1909 l W. E. B. Dubois & James Weldon Johnson l led protests against violence in the 1920 s l fought for Civil Rights l # of lynchings decreased l Couldn’t get laws passed l l UNIA Universal Negro Imp. Assoc. l founded in 1914 l Marcus Garvey l Believed A-A’s should build a separate society and move back to Africa l Be Proud of Culture l Promoted using black businesses when possible l

Harlem Renaissance movement of A-A art, music, and literature in the 1920’s l Mostly educated, middle to upper class l Exposed Northern White America to Black Culture l

Art Depicted scenes of everyday life l Vivid Colors l “Be Proud of Your Race and Accomplishments” l To the left: “Building More Stately Mansions” by Aaron Douglas Above: “Street Life in Harlem” by William Henry Johnson

Literature l Writers talked about slavery, racism, and injustice Made A-A’s seem “human” in white readers eyes l Advanced cause for equality l l Magazines and Newspapers NAACP (The Crisis) l UNIA (Negro World) l

l Langston Hughes Probably most famous A-A writer of this era l Poet (“Raisin in the Sun”) l What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore-And then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over-like a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode?

Music l Jazz Founded in New Orleans in early 1900’s l Spread to Chicago and NY after WWI l Popular in Speakeasies and Clubs l More upbeat than other music before that l white audiences liked its “danceability” l

Jazz Musicians of the 1920 s l Louis Armstrong Trumpet player and singer l Most influential jazz musician ever l Jeepers Creepers l What a Wonderful World l l Duke Ellington l l Cab Calloway l l Piano and composer l Mood Indigo Popularized scat Bessie Smith l Highest paid female vocalist

Harlem Renaissance Legacy Didn’t magically make things more equal for A-A’s right away l helped speed the process up some though l White society began to identify l