Chapter 13 Oxygenation Nursing faculty Xian medical college

Chapter 13 Oxygenation 氧合 Nursing faculty, Xi’an medical college 10/31/2020 2

Key Terms Hypoventilation n. 肺通气不足 Hyperventilation n. [医]通气过度；强力呼吸 Hypoxia n. 氧不足；[医]组织缺氧；低氧 Hypoxemia n. 低氧血症 Cyanosis n. 紫绀 Dyspnea n. 呼吸困难 Nebulization n. 雾化吸入 Suctioning n. 吸痰术 Oxygen toxicity 氧中毒 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation （CPR） 心肺复苏术 10/31/2020 3

Key Terms Hypoventilation Hyperventilation Hypoxia Hypoxemia Cyanosis Dyspnea Nebulization Suctioning Oxygen toxicity Cardiopulmonary resuscitation （CPR） 10/31/2020 4

Content l l 1. Physiological and anatomical knowledge base 2. Nursing l l Implementation Skills l l 10/31/2020 5 Nebulization Suctioning Administering oxygen Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Section 1 Scientific knowledge base Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology l The Heart l The Blood Vessels l Blood l 10/31/2020 6

Respiratory Anatomy and Physiology 结构 l 功能 l 调节 l 10/31/2020 7

Factors Influencing Oxygenation l 1. Physiological Factors l 2. Developmental Factors l 3. Lifestyle l 4. Environmental Factors l 5. Stress and Coping 10/31/2020 8

1. Physiological Factors l 1）Alterations in Circulatory Functioning l 2）Alterations in Respiratory l Cardiac Output l Impaired Tissue Perfusion l 3）Other Physiology Factors l l （1）Hypoventilation Blood Alteration 吸入性中毒、贫血、呼吸道阻塞、胸廓运动受 （2）Hyperventilation 限、发热、中枢神经功能障碍 （3）Hypoxia ≠ Hypoxemia 10/31/2020 9

2. Developmental Factors l l l After Birth Infants and Toddlers School-age Children and Adolescents Young and Middle-age Adult Older Adults 10/31/2020 10

Section 2 Nursing process l l l Assessment Diagnosis Plan Intervention Evaluation 10/31/2020 11

Assessment l Nursing history Symptoms ： fatigue、dyspnea、cough、wheezing、pain l Presence of Risk Factors l Family History l Medication l l Physical Examination l l l InspectionpalpationpercussionAusculation Respiratory Patterns Diagnostic Tests ：Ventilation and oxygenation Studies l Laboratory Tests：Arterial Blood Gas Analysis 10/31/2020 12

Diagnosis l l l 1. Ineffective Breathing Pattern 2. Ineffective Airway Clearance 3. Impaired Gas Exchange 4. Decreased Cardiac Output 5. Altered Tissue Perfusion 6. Activity Intolerance 10/31/2020 17

Related Diagnoses： Fatigue. Anxiety. Depression. Powerlessness. Sleep pattern. Social isolation. l 10/31/2020 18

Plan _ The expected outcomes for clients: l l l The client breathes comfortably and easy. The client maintains a patent airway. The client achieves and maintains adequate gas exchange and ventilation. The client maintains or restores an adequate cardiac output. The client maintains or improves tissue perfusion. The client has ability to participate in physical activities. 10/31/2020 19

Implementation Health promotion l General care l Air way maintenance l Medications l Suctioning l Breathing Exercises l Oxygen therapy l Using artificial airway l Cardiopulmonary resuscitation 10/31/2020 l 20

Air way maintenance l 咳嗽技术 l 水合 l 湿化 l 雾化吸入 l 胸部物理治疗 l 叩击(percussion) l 震颤(vibration) l 体位引流（postural drainage) 10/31/2020 23

Oxygen therapy l 10/31/2020 35 目的：预防和减轻组织缺氧

10/31/2020 42

Using artificial airway l l l 1. 安置口咽管和鼻咽管 2. 气管内插管 3. 气管切开 10/31/2020 52

Evaluation Effectiveness of intervention using. The goals and desired outcomes identified in the planning. 10/31/2020 58

10/31/2020 60